Mohamed Sagad O O, Mohamed Khalid Osman, Mohamed Ayoub A B, Mohamed Ali E A, Salih Solafa S M, Ibrahim Duaa A S, Mursal Samia I E, Abdhameed Aseel E B, Mahmoud Ahmed A O, Abdallah Khadeja F, Salih Khalid S K, Abdelrahman Ahmed S E E, Salih Mohamed S K, Elmobashir Yusra E A, Abdelrahman Mahmoud A M, Mohamed Amgad I A, Fadil Hanaa A M
University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
University of Bahri, Khartoum North, Sudan.
AIDS Res Ther. 2025 Jan 4;22(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s12981-024-00697-2.
Thyroid disorders have significant clinical sequelae, including impaired growth in children, metabolic abnormalities, and impaired cognitive function. However, available studies on burden of thyroid diseases in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), particularly its prevalence and its interaction with HIV related factors (like CD4 count), are controversial. This review aimed to provide a comprehensive summary and analysis on the extent of thyroid dysfunctions in this population.
Following Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was done through Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, and World Health Organization Virtual Health Library Regional Portal. Using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 3.3, we calculated the pooled prevalence and standardized mean difference (SMD) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
A total of 30 studies met the eligibility criteria and were further included for the analyses. The most common types of thyroid dysfunction identified among HIV patients were subclinical hypothyroidism (7.7%), overt hypothyroidism (2.7%), sick euthyroid syndrome (2.47%), isolated low FT4 (1.80%), and overt hyperthyroidism (0.7%). Hypothyroidism among HIV patients was significantly associated with lower CD4 count (p < 0.001). The analysis revealed that only FT4 levels had significant differences between patients with HIV and healthy people (p = 0.013).
Individuals with HIV are at risk of developing variable manifestations of thyroid abnormalities. While being not abundant in the HIV population, monitoring of thyroid dysfunction is essential due to the potential for progression to overt hypothyroidism and associated adverse health outcomes.
甲状腺疾病具有显著的临床后果，包括儿童生长发育受损、代谢异常以及认知功能受损。然而，关于人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者甲状腺疾病负担的现有研究，尤其是其患病率及其与HIV相关因素（如CD4细胞计数）的相互作用，存在争议。本综述旨在全面总结和分析该人群甲状腺功能障碍的程度。
按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南，通过Medline/PubMed、科学网、科学Direct和世界卫生组织虚拟健康图书馆区域门户进行了全面检索。使用综合荟萃分析软件3.3版，我们计算了合并患病率和标准化平均差（SMD）估计值，并给出95%置信区间（CI）。
共有30项研究符合纳入标准并进一步纳入分析。在HIV患者中确定的最常见甲状腺功能障碍类型为亚临床甲状腺功能减退（7.7%）、显性甲状腺功能减退（2.7%）、甲状腺功能正常病态综合征（2.47%）、单纯低FT4（1.80%）和显性甲状腺功能亢进（0.7%）。HIV患者中的甲状腺功能减退与较低的CD4细胞计数显著相关（p < 0.001）。分析显示，只有HIV患者和健康人之间的FT4水平存在显著差异（p = 0.013）。
HIV感染者有发生各种甲状腺异常表现的风险。虽然在HIV人群中并不常见，但由于有可能进展为显性甲状腺功能减退及相关不良健康后果，监测甲状腺功能障碍至关重要。
