Xiang Jie, Zhang Zhentao, Wu Shengxi, Ye Keqiang
Department of Neurobiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
Mol Neurodegener. 2025 Jan 5;20(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13024-024-00787-9.
Synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy, are characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein. Variations in brain distribution allow for differentiation among these diseases and facilitate precise clinical diagnosis. However, distinguishing between synucleinopathies and Parkinsonism with tauopathies poses a challenge, significantly impacting clinical drug development. Therefore, molecular imaging is crucial for synucleinopathies, particularly for clinical diagnosis, assessment of drug efficacy, and disease surveillance. In recent years, advances in molecular imaging have led to rapid development of α-synuclein-specific tracers for positron emission tomography (PET), most of which are still in pre-clinical stages. Interestingly, some of these tracers share similar compound skeletal structures and are currently undergoing optimization for clinical application. Despite this progress, there remain challenges in developing α-synuclein tracers. This review summarizes recent findings on promising PET tracers and discusses representative compounds' characteristics while offering suggestions for further research orientation.
突触核蛋白病，如帕金森病、路易体痴呆和多系统萎缩，其特征是α-突触核蛋白聚集。脑部分布的差异有助于区分这些疾病，并有助于进行精确的临床诊断。然而，区分突触核蛋白病和伴有tau蛋白病的帕金森综合征具有挑战性，这对临床药物开发产生了重大影响。因此，分子成像对于突触核蛋白病至关重要，特别是对于临床诊断、药物疗效评估和疾病监测。近年来，分子成像的进展促使用于正电子发射断层扫描（PET）的α-突触核蛋白特异性示踪剂迅速发展，其中大多数仍处于临床前阶段。有趣的是，其中一些示踪剂具有相似的复合骨架结构，目前正在进行临床应用优化。尽管取得了这一进展，但在开发α-突触核蛋白示踪剂方面仍存在挑战。本综述总结了关于有前景的PET示踪剂的最新发现，讨论了代表性化合物的特征，同时为进一步的研究方向提供了建议。
