Zeng Chen, Tang Chong, Tan Yixin, Liu Juxian, Shi Kai, Li Qi
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment on Major Blinding Diseases, Chongqing Eye Institute, Chongqing Branch (Municipality Division) of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2024 Dec 20;11:1521710. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1521710. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to comprehensively explore the thickness and topographic distributions of retinal vessel alterations of different myopic eyes by using swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA).
One hundred myopes were included in this observational cross-sectional study. All participants underwent a series of ocular examinations of biometrical parameters, including spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL), intraocular pressure (IOP), curvature radius (CR), and others. Retinal parameters like vessel density (VD) of different compartments of papillary and peripapillary sectors were measured by SS-OCTA, respectively. Two sample-independent T-test was applied to identify intraocular differences in retinal biometrical indicators between groups, and correlation analysis was used to explore potential relationships between AL/CR ratio and some ocular variables.
For high myopic participants, they exhibited a lower vessel density, a lower small vessel density, and a lower flow area, especially in the superficial layer and the nerve fiber layer (RNFL), along with a thinner superficial layer, RNFL and retina. More alterations were proved in nasal peripapillary sectors in high myopes. We also explored their hidden relationship with AL/CR ratio. We found that in non-high myopes, the thickness of the whole retina, RNFL and the superficial layer were all negatively correlated with AL/CR ratio in the papillary and peripapillary zone. In contrast, the vessel density and flow area of several vessel layers were positively correlated. However, there wasn't so much significance found in high myopic eyes.
Retinal vessel microstructure was more easily affected in highly myopic eyes, especially in superficial blood vessels, and compartmental analysis showed that alterations in nasal peripapillary sectors were more evident. Additionally, we highlighted hidden correlations between AL/CR ratio and blood flow characteristics of specific vascular layers, which could serve as sensitive biometrical indicators of early retinal damages.
本研究旨在通过扫频光学相干断层扫描血管造影（SS-OCTA）全面探索不同近视眼中视网膜血管改变的厚度和地形图分布。
本观察性横断面研究纳入了100名近视患者。所有参与者均接受了一系列眼部生物测量参数检查，包括等效球镜度（SER）、眼轴长度（AL）、眼压（IOP）、曲率半径（CR）等。通过SS-OCTA分别测量视乳头和视乳头周围不同区域的血管密度（VD）等视网膜参数。采用两样本独立T检验来识别组间视网膜生物测量指标的眼内差异，并使用相关性分析来探索AL/CR比值与一些眼部变量之间的潜在关系。
对于高度近视参与者，他们表现出较低的血管密度、较低的小血管密度和较低的血流面积，尤其是在表层和神经纤维层（RNFL），同时表层、RNFL和视网膜更薄。高度近视患者在视乳头鼻侧周围区域有更多改变。我们还探索了它们与AL/CR比值的潜在关系。我们发现，在非高度近视眼中，视乳头和视乳头周围区域的整个视网膜、RNFL和表层的厚度均与AL/CR比值呈负相关。相比之下，几个血管层的血管密度和血流面积呈正相关。然而，在高度近视眼中没有发现如此显著的相关性。
高度近视眼中视网膜血管微观结构更容易受到影响，尤其是表层血管，分区分析表明视乳头鼻侧周围区域的改变更明显。此外，我们强调了AL/CR比值与特定血管层血流特征之间的潜在相关性，这可以作为早期视网膜损伤的敏感生物测量指标。
