MRI grading using the neuropathy score-reporting and data system with electrodiagnostic correlation in radial neuropathy around the elbow: a 13-year retrospective review.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the Neuropathy Score-Reporting and Data System (NS-RADS) MRI grading system in conjunction with electrodiagnostic (EDx) testing for radial neuropathy at the elbow.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients presenting between 2010 and 2023 with suspected radial neuropathy who underwent both EDx testing in the form of electromyography and nerve conduction studies and MRI within a 12-month period were evaluated. Three blinded radiologists used the NS-RADS grading system to evaluate nerve entrapment (E grades), muscle denervation (M grades) proximally within the supinator/extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB), and more distally within the forearm extensor muscles. These grades and the presence of lateral epicondylitis were then correlated with EDx abnormalities.

RESULTS

Forty-nine participants were included. Inter-reader reliability for M grades in the forearm extensor muscles was good (ICC = 0.90 [95% CI = 0.83 - 0.94], p < 0.001), as was reliability for the supinator/ECRB muscles (ICC = 0.91 [95% CI = 0.86-0.95], p < 0.001). Inter-reader reliability for E grades was moderate (ICC = 0.83 [95% CI = 0.69-0.90], p < 0.001). Patients with positive EDx studies had a significantly different distribution of M grades for the forearm extensors and supinator/ECRB than those with negative studies (all p values < 0.001). However, overall consensus reads showed no significant difference in the distribution of E grades between patients with positive and negative EDx studies.

CONCLUSION

Muscle grading strongly correlated with EDx positivity, with a high level of inter-reader agreement for muscle denervation-related alterations. Nerve grading, however, did not show a statistical correlation.