Brausch Amy M, Kalgren Taylor, Littlefield Andrew
Western Kentucky University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Bowling Green, KY, USA.
Western Kentucky University, Department of Psychological Sciences, Bowling Green, KY, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Mar 15;373:412-419. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.01.004. Epub 2025 Jan 4.
Suicide ideation and attempts are increasing for individuals between the ages of 15 and 24. Emotion dysregulation is a common factor that has been linked to many risky behaviors including NSSI and suicidal ideation. The current study aimed to longitudinally examine how the onset and offset of NSSI associated with changes in emotion regulation domains and suicidal ideation in a community sample of adolescents.
Participants between the ages of 14-17 were asked about NSSI, emotion regulation, and suicide ideation at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Most adolescents reported no NSSI at either timepoint (n = 316; 83 %); 5 % (n = 20) reported NSSI at both time points, 6 % (n = 23) had onset NSSI, and 6 % (n = 23) had offset NSSI. NSSI change groups were compared on emotion regulation domains and suicide ideation across time.
Adolescents who consistently did or did not engage in NSSI across time did not report any changes in emotion dysregulation or suicide ideation. Adolescents who reported an onset of NSSI during the follow-up also reported an increase in lack of impulse control and suicide ideation severity. Adolescents who stopped engaging in NSSI during the follow-up reported significantly better impulse control, better access to emotion regulation strategies, and increased use of reappraisal.
These results hold potential for interventions that help adolescents find alternative coping/emotion regulation strategies outside of NSSI use.
15至24岁人群的自杀意念和自杀未遂情况呈上升趋势。情绪调节障碍是一个常见因素，与包括非自杀性自伤（NSSI）和自杀意念在内的许多危险行为有关。本研究旨在纵向考察在青少年社区样本中，NSSI的开始和停止与情绪调节领域变化及自杀意念之间的关系。
对14至17岁的参与者在基线和6个月随访时询问其NSSI、情绪调节和自杀意念情况。大多数青少年在两个时间点均未报告有NSSI（n = 316；83%）；5%（n = 20）在两个时间点均报告有NSSI，6%（n = 23）开始出现NSSI，6%（n = 23）停止NSSI。比较不同时间点NSSI变化组在情绪调节领域和自杀意念方面的情况。
在不同时间持续进行或未进行NSSI的青少年在情绪调节障碍或自杀意念方面均未报告有任何变化。在随访期间报告开始出现NSSI的青少年还报告了冲动控制能力下降和自杀意念严重程度增加。在随访期间停止进行NSSI的青少年报告其冲动控制能力明显更好、能更好地运用情绪调节策略且更多地采用重新评价策略。
这些结果为干预措施提供了可能性，这些干预措施可帮助青少年在不采用NSSI的情况下找到替代性的应对/情绪调节策略。
