马来西亚也门裔移民女性宫颈癌筛查的障碍

Barriers to cervical cancer screening among immigrant Yemeni women in Malaysia.

作者信息

Ba-Alawi Eshrak, Azzani Meram, Alsaidi Nahlah Abduljaleel, Atroosh Wahib M, Anaam Bilquis Taher, Roslan Dalila, Ali-Saeed Rola, Noman Sarah

机构信息

Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra Campus, Jenjarum, 42610, Selangor, Malaysia.

Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, 47000, Selangor, Malaysia.

出版信息

BMC Cancer. 2025 Jan 7;25(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s12885-024-13310-6.

DOI:10.1186/s12885-024-13310-6

PMID:39762830

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11705708/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Cervical cancer is preventable cancer through pap test screening. Despite the benefits of cervical cancer screening, immigrant women have markedly lower use of Pap smear testing. Hence, this study aims to determine the barriers to cervical cancer screening among Yemeni female immigrants in Malaysia and the factors related to these barriers.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey was carried out among immigrant Yemeni women staying in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Data were collected using a validated modified Arabic version of the Cervical Cancer Awareness Measure (Cervical CAM). Descriptive and inferential analyses were utilized. Adjusted binary logistic regression was performed to find out the factors that increase the probability of facing barriers to the Pap test.

RESULTS

A total of 370 questionnaires were collected. Cognitive barriers were the highest recognized type of barrier to undertaking the Pap test among study participants (74.9%) followed by emotional barriers (13%). Unemployed women were significantly less likely than employed to report an emotional barrier to the Pap test (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.95). Higher educated women (OR = 3.11, CI: 1.02-9.48) and those still studying (OR = 3.11, CI: 1.02-9.48) were significantly more likely to report practical barriers. Regarding the cognitive barriers, women with tertiary education were significantly less likely than those with primary education to have cognitive barriers (OR = 0.41, CI: 0.19-0.90).

CONCLUSION

access to health services among immigrant women, including screening for cervical cancer, is a complex issue involving a wide range of barriers. Cognitive barriers associated with sexual activity and the absence of symptoms are the main reason for the decision to not undergo cervical cancer screening. To address this, we recommend adopting a comprehensive approach that integrates education, community engagement, accessibility, and cultural sensitivity to promote the uptake of cervical cancer screening within the Yemeni immigrant community.

摘要

背景

宫颈癌可通过巴氏试验筛查来预防。尽管宫颈癌筛查有诸多益处，但移民女性进行巴氏涂片检查的比例明显较低。因此，本研究旨在确定马来西亚也门女性移民宫颈癌筛查的障碍以及与这些障碍相关的因素。

方法

对居住在马来西亚雪兰莪州和吉隆坡的也门移民女性进行了横断面调查。使用经过验证的改良阿拉伯语版宫颈癌认知量表（Cervical CAM）收集数据。采用描述性和推断性分析方法。进行调整后的二元逻辑回归分析，以找出增加巴氏试验面临障碍可能性的因素。

结果

共收集到370份问卷。在研究参与者中，认知障碍是进行巴氏试验最常被认可的障碍类型（74.9%），其次是情感障碍（13%）。失业女性报告巴氏试验情感障碍的可能性显著低于就业女性（比值比[OR]=0.17，95%置信区间[CI]：0.03 - 0.95）。受教育程度较高的女性（OR = 3.11，CI：1.02 - 9.48）和仍在上学的女性（OR = 3.11，CI：1.02 - 9.48）报告实际障碍的可能性显著更高。关于认知障碍，受过高等教育的女性出现认知障碍的可能性显著低于小学教育程度的女性（OR = 0.41，CI：0.19 - 0.90）。