Shute Ireland M, Fitzke Reagan E, Buch Keegan D, Brown Megan E, Prince Mark A, Murray Stuart B, Pedersen Eric R
Keck School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado, Springs, Colorado, USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2025;60(5):704-714. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2024.2447419. Epub 2025 Jan 6.
Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use (SAM) and food restriction on days students intend to drink are associated with an increased risk of substance use-related consequences. However, these negative outcomes have been studied mostly in alcohol-only use contexts. Little is known about the combination of alcohol, marijuana, SAM, and food restriction. Therefore, the current cross-sectional study investigated whether alcohol, marijuana, or SAM use and food restriction on substance use days were associated with an increased risk of negative substance-use outcomes.
901 college students completed a survey about their substance use and eating behaviors. Hierarchical regression analyses tested the relations between these patterns and use-related consequences.
Among past 30-day alcohol users, alcohol use quantity and food restriction on substance use days independently associated with greater alcohol use consequences. Past 30-day frequency of food restriction on alcohol use days moderated the effect between average drink quantity and alcohol use consequences. Among past 30-day marijuana users, number of hours high and food restriction on use days independently associated with greater marijuana use consequences. For past 30-day SAM users, alcohol use quantity on SAM days significantly associated with greater alcohol consequences. Food restriction on SAM days moderated the effect of marijuana use quantity (i.e., number of times used) on marijuana use consequences.
These results provide the basis for further exploration of food restriction and SAM, as well as targeted interventions among at-risk populations.
学生打算饮酒当天同时使用酒精和大麻（SAM）以及限制饮食与物质使用相关后果的风险增加有关。然而，这些负面结果大多是在仅使用酒精的背景下进行研究的。对于酒精、大麻、SAM和饮食限制的组合了解甚少。因此，当前的横断面研究调查了在物质使用日使用酒精、大麻或SAM以及限制饮食是否与负面物质使用结果的风险增加有关。
901名大学生完成了一项关于他们物质使用和饮食行为的调查。分层回归分析测试了这些模式与使用相关后果之间的关系。
在过去30天内饮酒的人群中，饮酒量和物质使用日的饮食限制分别与更大的酒精使用后果相关。过去30天内饮酒日的饮食限制频率调节了平均饮酒量与酒精使用后果之间的关系。在过去30天内使用大麻的人群中，吸食大麻的时长和使用日的饮食限制分别与更大的大麻使用后果相关。对于过去30天内使用SAM的人群，SAM日的饮酒量与更大的酒精相关后果显著相关。SAM日的饮食限制调节了大麻使用量（即使用次数）对大麻使用后果的影响。
这些结果为进一步探索饮食限制和SAM以及对高危人群进行有针对性的干预提供了依据。
