Guo Xiaodan, Li Chuangtao, Zhang Zhaoxiang, Silva Ana Filipa, Clemente Filipe Manuel
Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, Gdańsk, Poland.
Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Dec 23;15:1476297. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1476297. eCollection 2024.
This study aimed to compare the effects of structured sports games (SG) and psychomotricity activities (PCM) on the locomotor, stability, and manipulative motor competencies of preschool children.
A randomized controlled trial was conducted over an 8-week period, involving two experimental groups (SG, = 30 and PCM, = 30) and one control group (CG, = 28), with participants attending two intervention sessions per week. A total of 88 5-year-old children participated in the experiment (boys = 48; girls = 40). They were evaluated three times (at baseline, after 4 weeks, and after 8 weeks) using the Motor Competence Assessment test to measure their locomotor, stability, and manipulative motor competencies.
The scores were standardized to percentiles based on sex and age. However, significant differences were observed between groups post-intervention in the locomotor domain ( = 0.003; = 0.128), with the SG showing significantly higher values compared to the CG (mean difference: 17.0%; = 0.021; = 0.783), and PCM (mean difference: 19.8%; = 0.005; = 0.947). Additionally, significant differences were found between groups post-intervention in the manipulative domain ( = 0.001; = 0.142), with the SG showing significantly higher values compared to the CG (mean difference: 19.3%; = 0.009; = 0.845) and PCM (mean difference: 21.4%; = 0.003; = 0.998).
Our study highlights the significant benefits of increased practice in developing motor competence, particularly in children's locomotor and manipulative skills. Additionally, at this age, fun, competition, and social interaction seem to play a crucial role, as the SG group demonstrated greater improvements compared to the PCM group.
本研究旨在比较结构化体育游戏（SG）和心理运动活动（PCM）对学龄前儿童运动、稳定性和操作运动能力的影响。
进行了一项为期8周的随机对照试验，涉及两个实验组（SG组，n = 30；PCM组，n = 30）和一个对照组（CG组，n = 28），参与者每周参加两次干预课程。共有88名5岁儿童参与实验（男孩48名；女孩40名）。使用运动能力评估测试对他们进行了三次评估（基线时、4周后和8周后），以测量他们的运动、稳定性和操作运动能力。
分数根据性别和年龄标准化为百分位数。然而，干预后各小组在运动领域存在显著差异（F = 0.003；η² = 0.128），SG组的值显著高于CG组（平均差异：17.0%；t = 0.021；d = 0.783）和PCM组（平均差异：19.8%；t = 0.005；d = 0.947）。此外，干预后各小组在操作领域也发现了显著差异（F = 0.001；η² = 0.142），SG组的值显著高于CG组（平均差异：19.3%；t = 0.009；d = 0.845）和PCM组（平均差异：21.4%；t = 0.003；d = 0.998）。
我们的研究强调了增加练习对发展运动能力的显著益处，特别是在儿童的运动和操作技能方面。此外，在这个年龄段，乐趣、竞争和社交互动似乎起着至关重要的作用，因为SG组比PCM组表现出更大的进步。
