Dika Qamil, Duli Marsida, Burazeri Genc, Çumashi Rudina, Hala Romina, Agolli Elsona, Qirjako Gentiana
Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania.
Department of International Health, Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
East Mediterr Health J. 2024 Dec 18;30(12):821-828. doi: 10.26719/2024.30.12.821.
Child maltreatment is a global issue that significantly impacts children's lives. In 2018, 32% of 15-year-olds in Albania reported experiencing physical abuse.
To assess the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of child abuse and neglect in Albania.
This was the 2022 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children nationwide survey in Albania conducted among 1877 schoolchildren (55% girls) aged 15 years. We collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and exposure to domestic violence. We analysed the data using SPSS version 19.0 and used binary logistic regression to assess associations between child abuse, neglect and sociodemographic characteristics.
Lifetime prevalence rates were 33.1% for physical abuse, 16.2% for emotional abuse, 3.7% for sexual abuse, 15.7% for emotional neglect, and 7.0% for witness to domestic violence. Children living in urban areas had higher odds of experiencing physical or emotional abuse (OR = 1.4 and 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-1.7 and 1.2-2.2). Girls had higher odds of experiencing emotional abuse (OR = 1.8, 95% CI = 1.4-2.4) or emotional neglect (OR = 3.4, 95% CI = 2.5-4.6). Girls and children from less affluent families had lower odds of experiencing sexual abuse (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.3-0.9; OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-0.8, respectively). Children whose fathers were unemployed had higher odds of witnessing domestic violence (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1-3.2).
Abuse and neglect are highly prevalent among Albanian children aged 15 years, raising concerns over their future wellbeing. Action is needed by professionals and caregivers and at policy level to mitigate the negative impact and promote children's protection and well-being in the country.
儿童虐待是一个全球性问题，对儿童的生活有重大影响。2018年，阿尔巴尼亚32%的15岁青少年报告曾遭受身体虐待。
评估阿尔巴尼亚儿童虐待和忽视的患病率及其社会人口学相关因素。
这是2022年在阿尔巴尼亚全国范围内针对1877名15岁学童（55%为女孩）开展的学龄儿童健康行为调查。我们收集了社会人口学特征、身体虐待、情感虐待、性虐待、情感忽视以及接触家庭暴力方面的数据。我们使用SPSS 19.0版软件对数据进行分析，并采用二元逻辑回归评估儿童虐待、忽视与社会人口学特征之间的关联。
终生患病率分别为：身体虐待33.1%、情感虐待16.2%、性虐待3.7%、情感忽视15.7%、目睹家庭暴力7.0%。生活在城市地区的儿童遭受身体或情感虐待的几率更高（比值比分别为1.4和1.6，95%置信区间为1.1 - 1.7和1.2 - 2.2）。女孩遭受情感虐待（比值比为1.8，95%置信区间为1.4 - 2.4）或情感忽视（比值比为3.4，95%置信区间为2.5 - 4.）的几率更高。来自较贫困家庭的女孩和儿童遭受性虐待的几率较低（比值比分别为0.6，95%置信区间为0.3 - 0.9；0.5，95%置信区间为0.3 - 0.8）。父亲失业的儿童目睹家庭暴力的几率更高（比值比为1.9，95%置信区间为1.1 - 3.2）。
在阿尔巴尼亚15岁儿童中，虐待和忽视现象非常普遍，这引发了人们对他们未来福祉的担忧。专业人员、照料者以及政策层面需要采取行动，以减轻负面影响，促进该国儿童的保护和福祉。
