Zhang Ben, Wang Xingdong, Ding Ziqiang, Kang Yandong, Guo Shaoke, Cao Mengli, Hu Liyan, Xiong Lin, Pei Jie, Guo Xian
Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Dec 12;14(24):3594. doi: 10.3390/ani14243594.
The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a high-concentrate diet on growth performance, serum biochemical indexes, and rumen microbiota in house-fed yaks. Sixteen male yaks (body weight, 151.73 ± 14.11 kg; 18 months) were randomly allocated into two dietary treatments: a group with a low level of concentrate ( = 8, LC, concentrate-forage = 40:60) and a group with a high level of concentrate ( = 8, HC, concentrate-forage = 60:40). We found that compared with the LC group, the average daily feed intake (ADFI), the average daily gain (ADG), and the serum albumin (ALB) concentration in the HC group were significantly increased ( < 0.05). The rumen bacterial compositions also differed significantly between the groups, as indicated by principal coordinate analysis ( < 0.05). and were the main dominant phyla of rumen bacteria in yaks. Compared with the LC group, the relative abundance of in the HC group was significantly increased ( < 0.05) and the relative abundance of was significantly decreased ( < 0.05). At the genus level, , , , , and had the highest relative abundance. The relative abundance of in the HC group was significantly higher than that in the LC group ( < 0.05). The PICRUSt 2 results showed a significant enrichment in glycosaminoglycan degradation, apoptosis, and ECM-receptor interaction in HC relative to LC ( < 0.05). In conclusion, high-concentrate diets can enhance growth performance and alter the compositions and functions of ruminal bacterial communities in yaks.
本研究旨在确定高能量日粮对舍饲牦牛生长性能、血清生化指标及瘤胃微生物群的影响。16头雄性牦牛（体重151.73±14.11 kg；18月龄）被随机分为两种日粮处理组：低能量组（n = 8，LC，精粗比 = 40:60）和高能量组（n = 8，HC，精粗比 = 60:40）。我们发现，与LC组相比，HC组的平均日采食量（ADFI）、平均日增重（ADG）和血清白蛋白（ALB）浓度显著增加（P < 0.05）。主坐标分析表明，两组间瘤胃细菌组成也存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门是牦牛瘤胃细菌的主要优势菌门。与LC组相比，HC组厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著增加（P < 0.05），拟杆菌门的相对丰度显著降低（P < 0.05）。在属水平上，普雷沃氏菌属、瘤胃球菌属、丁酸弧菌属、密螺旋体属和栖瘤胃普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度最高。HC组普雷沃氏菌属的相对丰度显著高于LC组（P < 0.05）。PICRUSt 2结果显示，相对于LC组，HC组中糖胺聚糖降解、细胞凋亡和细胞外基质受体相互作用显著富集（P < 0.05）。总之，高能量日粮可提高牦牛的生长性能，并改变瘤胃细菌群落的组成和功能。
