Delimitation of Endangered Species (Anura: Telmatobiidae) of the Chilean Salt Puna.

Clarifying the taxonomic status and distribution of endangered species is crucial to their conservation. In this study, we contrasted different lines of evidence (morphology, mtDNA, and nucDNA: microsatellites and SNP) to clarify the taxonomic status of endangered water frog species and unidentified populations that inhabit the Salt Puna in Chile. We studied population differentiation and species divergence by performing morphometric, population genetic and species delimitation analyses. The results confirmed the species status of and , as they exhibited morphometric, mitochondrial and genomic SNP divergence. Although Bayes factor delimitation analysis indicated that the populations of Ascotán and Carcote could represent a new species, their few mitochondrial differences and similar morphology with respect to suggested otherwise. Instead, they can be considered an evolutionarily significant unit of that has differentiated from the type locality. These results extend the geographic distribution of , which is categorized as critically endangered by the IUCN.