Le Floch Albert, Ropars Guy
Laser Physics Laboratory, University of Rennes, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Quantum Electronics and Chiralities Laboratory, 20 Square Marcel Bouget, 35700 Rennes Cedex, France.
Brain Sci. 2024 Nov 29;14(12):1208. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14121208.
Acoustic noise is known to perturb reading for good readers, including children and adults. This external acoustic noise interfering at the multimodal areas in the brain causes difficulties reducing reading and writing performances. Moreover, it is known that people with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) and dyslexia have reading deficits even in the absence of acoustic noise. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of additional acoustic noise on an adult with DCD and dyslexia. Indeed, as vision is the main source of information for the brain during reading, a noisy internal visual crowding has been observed in many cases of readers with dyslexia, as additional mirror or duplicated images of words are perceived by these observers, simultaneously with the primary images. Here, we show that when the noisy internal visual crowding and an increasing external acoustic noise are superimposed, a reading disruptive threshold at about 50 to 60 dBa of noise is reached, depending on the type of acoustic noise for a young adult with DCD and dyslexia but not for a control. More interestingly, we report that this disruptive noise threshold can be controlled by Hebbian mechanisms linked to a pulse-modulated lighting that erases the confusing internal crowding images. An improvement of 12 dBa in the disruptive threshold is then observed with two types of acoustic noises, showing the potential utility of Hebbian optocontrol in managing reading difficulties in adults with DCD and dyslexia.
众所周知，声学噪声会干扰包括儿童和成人在内的优秀读者的阅读。这种干扰大脑多模态区域的外部声学噪声会导致阅读和写作表现下降。此外，已知患有发育性协调障碍（DCD）和诵读困难症的人即使在没有声学噪声的情况下也存在阅读缺陷。本研究的目的是调查额外的声学噪声对一名患有DCD和诵读困难症的成年人的影响。事实上，由于视觉是阅读过程中大脑的主要信息来源，在许多诵读困难症读者的案例中都观察到了嘈杂的内部视觉拥挤现象，因为这些观察者在感知主要图像的同时，还会感知到单词的额外镜像或重复图像。在这里，我们表明，当嘈杂的内部视觉拥挤和不断增加的外部声学噪声叠加时，对于一名患有DCD和诵读困难症的年轻成年人来说，根据声学噪声的类型，在大约50至60分贝声压级的噪声下会达到阅读干扰阈值，但对照组则不会。更有趣的是，我们报告说，这种干扰噪声阈值可以通过与脉冲调制照明相关的赫布机制来控制，该机制可以消除令人困惑的内部拥挤图像。然后，在两种类型的声学噪声下观察到干扰阈值提高了12分贝，这表明赫布光控在管理患有DCD和诵读困难症的成年人的阅读困难方面具有潜在的效用。
