Le Floch Albert, Ropars Guy
Laser Physics Laboratory, University of Rennes, CEDEX, 35042 Rennes, France.
Quantum Electronics and Chiralities Laboratory, 20 Square Marcel Bouget, 35700 Rennes, France.
Brain Sci. 2023 Oct 19;13(10):1478. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13101478.
When reading, dyslexic readers exhibit more and longer fixations than normal readers. However, there is no significant difference when dyslexic and control readers perform only visual tasks on a string of letters, showing the importance of cognitive processes in reading. This linguistic and cognitive processing requirement in reading is often perturbed for dyslexic readers by perceived additional letters and word mirror images superposed on the primary images on the primary cortex, inducing internal visual crowding. Here, we show that while for a normal reader, the number and the duration of fixations remain invariant whatever the nature of the lighting, the excess of fixations and total duration of reading can be controlled for a dyslexic reader using the Hebbian mechanisms to erase extra images in optimized pulse-width lighting. In this case, the number of fixations can then be reduced by a factor of about 1.8, recovering the normal reading experiment.
阅读时，诵读困难的读者比正常读者表现出更多、更长时间的注视。然而，当诵读困难的读者和对照读者仅对一串字母执行视觉任务时，没有显著差异，这表明了认知过程在阅读中的重要性。阅读中这种语言和认知处理要求对于诵读困难的读者来说，常常会因初级皮层上主要图像上叠加的额外字母和单词镜像而受到干扰，从而引发内部视觉拥挤。在这里，我们表明，对于正常读者而言，无论光照性质如何，注视的数量和持续时间都保持不变，但对于诵读困难的读者，可以使用赫布机制在优化脉宽光照下消除额外图像，从而控制过多的注视和总的阅读持续时间。在这种情况下，注视次数可减少约1.8倍，恢复到正常阅读水平。
