Tomkowiak Agnieszka, Jamruszka Tomasz, Bocianowski Jan, Sobiech Aleksandra, Jarzyniak Karolina, Lenort Maciej, Mikołajczyk Sylwia, Żurek Monika
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland.
Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Nov 29;15(12):1558. doi: 10.3390/genes15121558.
It is currently believed that breeding priorities, including maize breeding, should focus on introducing varieties with greater utility value, specifically higher yields, into production. Global modern maize breeding relies on various molecular genetics techniques. Using the above mentioned technologies, we can identify regions of the genome that are associated with various phenotypic traits, including yield, which is of fundamental importance for understanding and manipulating these regions.
The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of candidate genes associated with maize yield. To better understand the function of the analyzed genes in increasing maize yield, their expression in different organs and tissues was also assessed using publicly available transcriptome data.
RT-qPCR analyses were performed using iTaq Universal SYBR Green Supermix (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) and CFX96 Touch Real-Time PCR Detection System (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Each of the performed RT-qPCR experiments consisted of three biological replicates and three technical replicates, the results of which were averaged.
The research results allowed us to select three out of six candidate genes (, and ), which can significantly affect grain yield in maize. Not only our studies but also literature reports clearly indicate the participation of , and in the formation of yield. Identified molecular markers located within these genes can be used in breeding programs to select high yielding maize genotypes.
目前认为，包括玉米育种在内的育种重点应聚焦于将具有更高实用价值，特别是更高产量的品种引入生产。全球现代玉米育种依赖于多种分子遗传学技术。利用上述技术，我们能够识别基因组中与各种表型性状相关的区域，包括产量，这对于理解和操控这些区域至关重要。
本研究旨在分析与玉米产量相关的候选基因的表达。为了更好地理解所分析基因在提高玉米产量中的功能，还利用公开的转录组数据评估了它们在不同器官和组织中的表达。
使用iTaq Universal SYBR Green Supermix（美国加利福尼亚州赫尔克里士市伯乐公司）和CFX96 Touch实时荧光定量PCR检测系统（美国加利福尼亚州赫尔克里士市伯乐公司）进行RT-qPCR分析。每次进行的RT-qPCR实验均包含三个生物学重复和三个技术重复，结果取平均值。
研究结果使我们能够从六个候选基因（、和）中选出三个，它们可显著影响玉米的籽粒产量。不仅我们的研究，而且文献报道都清楚地表明、和参与了产量的形成。在这些基因内鉴定出的分子标记可用于育种计划，以选择高产玉米基因型。
