Fernández Leónides, Orgaz Belén, Rodríguez Juan M
Department of Galenic Pharmacy and Food Technology, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Foods. 2024 Dec 12;13(24):4024. doi: 10.3390/foods13244024.
During pregnancy, women undergo changes that affect virtually every organ, apparatus, or system, including the host microbiota. Most pregnancies progress smoothly despite the common presence of minor side-effects arising from such adaptations. However, some women may experience more serious complications, including gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, or preterm delivery. Probiotics are one of the products most used to try to prevent or treat any of the minor or severe symptoms or complications that women may experience during pregnancy or lactation; however, most of them have never been tested in such populations and, therefore, their efficacy and safety claims are frequently unsubstantiated. Overall, probiotic trials involving pregnant or lactating women have shown that these products are usually well-tolerated and safe although adverse effects may also exist. Therefore, health professionals attending pregnant or lactating women should be aware of their use and monitor their efficacy and safety. In conclusion, probiotics recommendations for pregnant or lactating women should be based on scientific evidence, opting exclusively for those products that have been designed for the specific target or condition that a pregnant or lactating woman may be experiencing or at risk of, and which efficacy and safety has already been convincingly tested in such populations.
在怀孕期间，女性身体会发生变化，几乎影响到每个器官、器官系统，包括体内微生物群。尽管这些适应性变化通常会带来一些轻微的副作用，但大多数孕期进展顺利。然而，一些女性可能会经历更严重的并发症，包括妊娠期糖尿病、先兆子痫或早产。益生菌是最常用于预防或治疗女性在怀孕或哺乳期间可能出现的任何轻微或严重症状或并发症的产品之一；然而，其中大多数从未在这类人群中进行过测试，因此，它们的功效和安全性说法往往缺乏依据。总体而言，涉及孕妇或哺乳期妇女的益生菌试验表明这些产品通常耐受性良好且安全，不过也可能存在不良反应。因此，为孕妇或哺乳期妇女提供护理的医疗专业人员应了解这些产品的使用情况，并监测其功效和安全性。总之，针对孕妇或哺乳期妇女的益生菌建议应基于科学证据，只选择那些针对孕妇或哺乳期妇女可能正在经历或面临风险的特定目标或状况而设计的产品，并且其功效和安全性已在此类人群中得到令人信服的测试。
