Dyussupova Azhar, Svyatova Gulnara, Berezina Galina, Dyussupov Altay, Omarkulov Bauyrzhan, Dzharmukhametova Anastassiya, Yurkovskaya Oxana, Akhmetova Venera, Dyussupova Asylzhan
Department of General Medical Practice, Semey Medical University, Semey 071400, Kazakhstan.
Laboratory of Republican Medical Genetic Consultation, Scientific Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Almaty 050020, Kazakhstan.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Dec 10;14(24):2769. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14242769.
This study aims to investigate the genetic contribution of polymorphic variants of the () and () genes to the risk of developing prediabetes in individuals of Kazakh ethnicity.
This was a case-control study involving 200 cases with prediabetes and 200 prediabetes-free controls, aged 16-60 years ( = 400). Real-time polymerase chain reaction on a StepOnePlus instrument (Applied Biosystems, USA), employing the TaqMan method for site-specific amplification and genotyping of the () and () genes was used.
Patients with prediabetes had a higher birth weight, increased BMI, larger waist and hip circumferences, and a higher waist-to-hip ratio compared to healthy patients in the control group. There was a significant increase in the risk of developing prediabetes for both the polymorphism of the gene and the polymorphism of the gene. The risk was 9.8 times higher in carriers of the GG genotype of () (OR = 9.769, 95% CI: 2.124-44.922, = 0.003) and 10.7 times higher for carriers of the TT genotype of () (OR = 10.731, 95% CI: 1.309-87.939, < 0.001).
These findings highlight the need for tailored early screening and preventive strategies for prediabetes in the Kazakh population, focusing on individuals with high-risk genotypes. Such efforts could improve targeted interventions and reduce the burden of prediabetes. Future research should adopt a longitudinal design, include diverse ethnic groups, and investigate additional genetic markers to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the genetic underpinnings of prediabetes.
本研究旨在调查（）基因和（）基因的多态性变异对哈萨克族个体发生糖尿病前期风险的遗传贡献。
这是一项病例对照研究，纳入了200例糖尿病前期患者和200例无糖尿病前期的对照者，年龄在16至60岁之间（n = 400）。使用美国应用生物系统公司的StepOnePlus仪器进行实时聚合酶链反应，采用TaqMan方法对（）基因和（）基因进行位点特异性扩增和基因分型。
与对照组中的健康患者相比，糖尿病前期患者出生体重更高、体重指数增加、腰围和臀围更大，腰臀比更高。基因的多态性和基因的多态性都会使发生糖尿病前期的风险显著增加。（）基因GG基因型携带者的风险高9.8倍（OR = 9.769，95%CI：2.124 - 44.922，P = 0.003），（）基因TT基因型携带者的风险高10.7倍（OR = 10.731，95%CI：1.309 - 87.939，P < 0.001）。
这些发现凸显了为哈萨克族人群制定针对糖尿病前期的个性化早期筛查和预防策略的必要性，重点关注具有高风险基因型的个体。此类努力可改善针对性干预措施并减轻糖尿病前期的负担。未来的研究应采用纵向设计，纳入不同种族群体，并研究更多的遗传标记，以更全面地了解糖尿病前期的遗传基础。
