Chhaya Dweet, Gress Merna, Raja Amna, Kosinska Wieslawa, Gordon Terry, Zelikoff Judith, Guttenplan Joseph B
Division of Environmental Medicine, Grossman School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 19;21(12):1693. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121693.
The objective of this study is to investigate the potential mutagenic effects of the exposure of mice to aerosols produced from the component liquids of an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS). The use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) and ENDSs has increased tremendously over the past two decades. From what we know to date, ENDSs contain much lower levels of known carcinogens than tobacco smoke. While conventional tobacco smoke is a well-established mutagen, little is known about the mutagenicity of ENDS aerosols. Here, we report the mutagenic effects of a 3-month whole body exposure of C57 mice (BigBlue) to filtered air (AIR) or ENDS aerosols in several tissues. Aerosols were generated from a 50/50 vegetable glycerin (VG)/propylene glycol (PG) mixture with and without nicotine. The results revealed that in the lung, bladder urothelial tissue, and tongue, mutagenesis was significantly greater in the VG/PG/nicotine group than in the AIR group. In all organs except the bladder, mutagenesis in the VG/PG only group was similar to those exposed to AIR. In the bladder, mutagenesis in the VG/PG group was elevated compared to that in the AIR group. In the liver, mutagenesis was modestly elevated in the VG/PG/nicotine group, but the elevation failed to reach statistical significance. Overall, there were no consistent differences in mutagenesis between the sexes. The results of this study suggest that exposure to e-cig aerosols containing nicotine represents a risk factor for carcinogenesis in several organ systems, and exposure to VG/PG alone may be a risk factor for bladder cancer.
本研究的目的是调查小鼠暴露于电子尼古丁传送系统（ENDS）成分液体产生的气溶胶后的潜在诱变作用。在过去二十年中，电子烟和ENDS的使用急剧增加。就我们目前所知，ENDS所含已知致癌物的水平远低于烟草烟雾。虽然传统烟草烟雾是一种已被充分证实的诱变剂，但关于ENDS气溶胶的诱变性知之甚少。在此，我们报告了C57小鼠（BigBlue）在几个组织中全身暴露于过滤空气（AIR）或ENDS气溶胶3个月后的诱变作用。气溶胶由含尼古丁和不含尼古丁的50/50植物甘油（VG）/丙二醇（PG）混合物产生。结果显示，在肺、膀胱尿路上皮组织和舌头中，VG/PG/尼古丁组的诱变作用明显大于AIR组。在除膀胱外的所有器官中，仅VG/PG组的诱变作用与暴露于AIR的组相似。在膀胱中，VG/PG组的诱变作用高于AIR组。在肝脏中，VG/PG/尼古丁组的诱变作用略有升高，但升高未达到统计学显著性。总体而言，两性之间的诱变作用没有一致的差异。本研究结果表明，暴露于含尼古丁的电子烟气溶胶是几个器官系统致癌的危险因素，单独暴露于VG/PG可能是膀胱癌的危险因素。
