Sibazo Mbuso, Sookan-Kassie Takshita
Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 22;21(12):1707. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121707.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a global epidemic, where increasing urbanization encourages sedentary lifestyles. Persistent physical inactivity can lead to T2DM and increase the risk of T2DM in the general population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding exercise amongst T2DM and non-diabetic (ND) staff at a tertiary institution in KwaZulu Natal South Africa. A total of 166 responses were received: a total of 16 responses (9.6%) were T2DM, and 150 responses (90.0%) were non-diabetic (ND). The demographics included 66.3% females and 33.7% males who consented to taking part, 62.7% were black, 18.7% were Indian, 12% were white, 5.4% were colored, and 1.2% were other. A cross-sectional descriptive survey design, utilizing a modified validated online knowledge, attitudes, and practice questionnaire, was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used for the analysis: inferential statistics; the ordinal (1-5) Likert scale; -tests; and chi-square tests. The level of statistical significance was set at ≤ 0.05. No significant differences were found between the T2DM and ND groups except in their attitude towards exercise, which showed three items with significant differences. The ND group agreed significantly more than the T2DM group that they looked forward to exercising ( = 0.002), and even without company, they exercised regularly ( = 0.042). The T2DM group agreed significantly more with the statement that they had asked their doctor if there was medicine available to make them better without doing any exercise ( = 0.002). The overall KAP results of the current study found that both participants diagnosed with T2DM and those in the ND group know about exercise and have a good attitude toward exercise. However, both groups still have poor practice regarding physical activity.
2型糖尿病（T2DM）已成为一种全球流行病，城市化进程的加快助长了久坐不动的生活方式。长期缺乏身体活动会导致T2DM，并增加普通人群患T2DM的风险。因此，本研究的目的是探讨南非夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省一所高等院校中T2DM患者和非糖尿病（ND）工作人员对运动的知识、态度和行为（KAP）。共收到166份回复：其中16份回复（9.6%）来自T2DM患者，150份回复（90.0%）来自非糖尿病（ND）患者。参与人员的人口统计学特征包括：同意参与的女性占66.3%，男性占33.7%；62.7%为黑人，18.7%为印度人，12%为白人，5.4%为有色人种，1.2%为其他种族。本研究采用横断面描述性调查设计，使用经过修改的经过验证的在线知识、态度和行为问卷来收集数据。分析采用描述性统计：推断统计；有序（1-5）李克特量表；t检验；以及卡方检验。统计显著性水平设定为p≤0.05。除了对运动的态度外，T2DM组和ND组之间未发现显著差异；在态度方面，有三个项目存在显著差异。ND组比T2DM组更认同他们期待运动（p=0.002），并且即使没有同伴他们也会经常运动（p=0.042）。T2DM组更认同他们曾询问医生是否有药物可以让他们在不运动的情况下好转（p=0.002）这一说法。本研究的总体KAP结果发现，无论是被诊断为T2DM的参与者还是ND组的参与者都了解运动，并且对运动有良好的态度。然而，两组在身体活动方面的行为仍然较差。
