Pham Dylan L, Cox Kelsey, Ko Michael L, Ko Gladys Y-P
Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX 77807, USA.
Biomedicines. 2024 Dec 15;12(12):2851. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12122851.
Peptide Lv is a small endogenous secretory peptide with ~40 amino acids and is highly conserved among certain several species. While it was first discovered that it augments L-type voltage-gated calcium channels (LTCCs) in neurons, thus it was named peptide "Lv", it can bind to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and has VEGF-like activities, including eliciting vasodilation and promoting angiogenesis. Not only does peptide Lv augment LTCCs in neurons and cardiomyocytes, but it also promotes the expression of intermediate-conductance K channels (K3.1) in vascular endothelial cells. Peptide Lv is upregulated in the retinas of patients with early proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a disease involving pathological angiogenesis. This review will provide an overview of peptide Lv, its known bioactivities in vitro and in vivo, and its clinical relevance, with a focus on its role in angiogenesis. As there is more about peptide Lv to be explored, this article serves as a foundation for possible future developments of peptide Lv-related therapeutics to treat or prevent diseases.
肽Lv是一种约含40个氨基酸的内源性小分泌肽，在某些物种中高度保守。最初发现它可增强神经元中的L型电压门控钙通道（LTCCs），因此被命名为肽“Lv”，它能与血管内皮生长因子受体2（VEGFR2）结合并具有类VEGF活性，包括引起血管舒张和促进血管生成。肽Lv不仅能增强神经元和心肌细胞中的LTCCs，还能促进血管内皮细胞中中等电导钾通道（K3.1）的表达。在早期增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变（一种涉及病理性血管生成的疾病）患者的视网膜中，肽Lv表达上调。本综述将概述肽Lv、其在体外和体内已知的生物活性及其临床相关性，重点关注其在血管生成中的作用。由于关于肽Lv还有更多有待探索之处，本文为未来开发与肽Lv相关的治疗方法以治疗或预防疾病奠定了基础。
