Poorniammal Rajendran, Jernisha Jerald, Prabhu Somasundaram, Dufossé Laurent
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Department of Plant Protection, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam 625 604, Tamil Nadu, India.
Life (Basel). 2024 Nov 22;14(12):1533. doi: 10.3390/life14121533.
Pokkah Boeng disease has been observed in nearly all countries where sugarcane is commercially cultivated. The disease was considered a minor concern in earlier times, but due to climate change, it has now become a major issue. It is caused by fungi, specifically the fungal complex. , , , , , and are the major species causing the disease in sugarcane. The disease spreads rapidly, and unpredictable environmental conditions, along with the overlap of crop stages with biotic factors, contributed to its increased severity and varied symptom patterns. This disease is primarily airborne, spreading through air currents. Secondary transmission occurs via infected setts, irrigation water, splashed rain, and soil. It typically emerges during hot and humid conditions, particularly when the sugarcane is experiencing rapid growth. The most effective way to control Pokkah Boeng is by cultivating resistant varieties and removing canes exhibiting 'top rot' or 'knife cut' symptoms. Apply 0.1% carbendazim, 0.2% copper oxychloride, or 0.3% mancozeb for two to three sprayings at 15-day intervals. Using biological methods to control plant pathogens presents a promising alternative to the heavy reliance on chemical fungicides in modern agriculture, which can lead to environmental pollution and the development of resistant strains.
甘蔗梢腐病在几乎所有商业化种植甘蔗的国家都有发现。该病在早期被认为是一个小问题，但由于气候变化，现在已成为一个主要问题。它由真菌引起，特别是真菌复合体。、、、、和是导致甘蔗发病的主要菌种。该病传播迅速，不可预测的环境条件以及作物生长阶段与生物因素的重叠，导致其病情加重和症状模式多样。这种病主要通过空气传播，借助气流扩散。二次传播通过受感染的蔗茎、灌溉水、溅落的雨水和土壤进行。它通常在炎热潮湿的条件下出现，特别是当甘蔗快速生长时。控制甘蔗梢腐病最有效的方法是种植抗病品种，并清除表现出“顶腐”或“刀切”症状的蔗茎。每隔15天喷施0.1%多菌灵、0.2%氧氯化铜或0.3%代森锰锌，连续喷施两到三次。在现代农业中，过度依赖化学杀菌剂会导致环境污染和抗药菌株的产生，而采用生物方法控制植物病原体是一种很有前景的替代方法。
