Bell Victoria, Rodrigues Ana Rita, Costa Vera, Dias Catarina, Alpalhão Márcia, Martins Inês, Forrester Mário
Social Pharmacy and Public Health Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
LAQV-REQUIMTE, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
Life (Basel). 2024 Nov 27;14(12):1558. doi: 10.3390/life14121558.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global health issue, with type 2 diabetes (T2D) accounting for over 90% of cases. Community pharmacies, given their accessibility, are well positioned to assist in early detection and management of T2D. This study evaluated post-pandemic T2D risk in a Portuguese population using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) across five community pharmacies. A total of 494 participants aged 40 or older without a prior diagnosis of diabetes were assessed. The mean FINDRISC score was 12.3, and 29.8% were identified as high or very high-risk, with 8.7% referred to general practitioners for follow-up based on elevated glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Key risk factors include age, body mass index, waist circumference, lack of physical activity, and family history of diabetes. Lower educational levels were also associated with higher diabetes risk. Community pharmacies are shown to play an essential role in screening and educating at-risk populations, emphasizing the importance of physical activity, healthy diets, and regular monitoring. These findings reinforce the value of community pharmacists in mitigating T2D risk and enhancing public health outcomes through cost-effective, validated screening tools like FINDRISC. Finally, pre-pandemic FINDRISC studies discussed show similar results suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic did not significantly impact the overall risk profile for T2D.
糖尿病（DM）是一个重大的全球健康问题，其中2型糖尿病（T2D）占病例总数的90%以上。社区药房因其可及性，在协助T2D的早期检测和管理方面具有良好的条件。本研究使用芬兰糖尿病风险评分（FINDRISC）对葡萄牙人群在疫情后的T2D风险进行了评估，涉及五家社区药房。共评估了494名年龄在40岁及以上且此前未被诊断为糖尿病的参与者。FINDRISC评分的平均值为12.3，29.8%的人被确定为高风险或非常高风险，8.7%的人因糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）升高而被转诊至全科医生处进行随访。主要风险因素包括年龄、体重指数、腰围、缺乏体育活动以及糖尿病家族史。较低的教育水平也与较高的糖尿病风险相关。结果表明，社区药房在筛查和教育高危人群方面发挥着重要作用，强调了体育活动、健康饮食和定期监测的重要性。这些发现强化了社区药剂师在通过像FINDRISC这样经济有效且经过验证的筛查工具降低T2D风险和改善公共卫生结果方面的价值。最后，所讨论的疫情前的FINDRISC研究显示了类似的结果，表明新冠疫情并未对T2D的总体风险状况产生显著影响。
