Departments of Global Health and Population and Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
Precision Care Clinic Corp., Saint Cloud, FL, United States.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 Jun 26;14:1188784. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1188784. eCollection 2023.
The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to increase in the Americas. Identifying people at risk for T2D is critical to the prevention of T2D complications, especially cardiovascular disease. This study gauges the ability to implement large population-based organized screening campaigns in 19 Latin American and Caribbean countries to detect people at risk for T2D using the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC).
This cross-sectional descriptive analysis uses data collected in a sample of men and women 18 years of age or older who completed FINDRISC eHealth during a Guinness World Record attempt campaign between October 25 and November 1, 2021. FINDRISC is a non-invasive screening tool based on age, body mass index, waist circumference, physical activity, daily intake of fruits and vegetables, history of hyperglycemia, history of antihypertensive drug treatment, and family history of T2D, assigning a score ranging from 0 to 26 points. A cut-off point of ≥ 12 points was considered as high risk for T2D.
The final sample size consisted of 29,662 women (63%) and 17,605 men (27%). In total, 35% of subjects were at risk of T2D. The highest frequency rates (FINDRISC ≥ 12) were observed in Chile (39%), Central America (36.4%), and Peru (36.1%). Chile also had the highest proportion of people having a FINDRISC ≥15 points (25%), whereas the lowest was observed in Colombia (11.3%).
FINDRISC can be easily implemented eHealth technology over social networks in Latin American and Caribbean populations to detect people with high risk for T2D. Primary healthcare strategies are needed to perform T2D organized screening to deliver early, accessible, culturally sensitive, and sustainable interventions to prevent sequelae of T2D, and reduce the clinical and economic burden of cardiometabolic-based chronic disease.
2 型糖尿病（T2D）在美洲的患病率持续上升。识别 T2D 高危人群对于预防 T2D 并发症至关重要，尤其是心血管疾病。本研究评估了在 19 个拉丁美洲和加勒比国家实施基于人群的大型组织筛查活动的能力，以使用芬兰糖尿病风险评分（FINDRISC）来发现 T2D 高危人群。
这是一项横断面描述性分析，使用了 2021 年 10 月 25 日至 11 月 1 日期间，在 Guinness World Record 尝试活动中完成 FINDRISC 电子健康问卷的 18 岁及以上男性和女性的样本数据。FINDRISC 是一种基于年龄、体重指数、腰围、身体活动、水果和蔬菜每日摄入量、高血糖史、抗高血压药物治疗史以及 T2D 家族史的非侵入性筛查工具，评分范围为 0 至 26 分。将得分≥12 分视为 T2D 高危。
最终样本量包括 29662 名女性（63%）和 17605 名男性（27%）。共有 35%的受试者存在 T2D 风险。风险最高的国家（FINDRISC≥12）是智利（39%）、中美洲（36.4%）和秘鲁（36.1%）。智利也有最高比例的人 FINDRISC≥15 分（25%），而哥伦比亚则最低（11.3%）。
FINDRISC 可以通过电子健康技术轻松在拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的人群中实施，以发现 T2D 高危人群。需要采取初级保健策略进行 T2D 组织筛查，以提供早期、可及、文化敏感和可持续的干预措施，预防 T2D 的后遗症，并减轻基于心血管代谢的慢性疾病的临床和经济负担。
