Wang Lijuan, Zhou Hongyin, Yang Ke, Er Ze Ladu, Lu Zhengli, Li Yingmei, Mu Liyuan, Zhang Naiming
College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China.
Life (Basel). 2024 Dec 6;14(12):1615. doi: 10.3390/life14121615.
This work aimed to explore safe techniques for the utilization of farmland surrounding mining areas contaminated with heavy metals-specifically cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)-in order to achieve food security in agricultural production. A potato variety (Qingshu 9) with high Cd and Pb accumulation was used as the test crop, and seven treatments were set up: control (CK), special potato fertilizer (T1), humic acid (T2), special potato fertilizer + humic acid (T3), biochar (T4), calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (T5), and biochar + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer (T6). The remediation effect of the combined application of different passivators on the accumulation of cadmium and lead in potatoes in the contaminated soil of a mining area was studied. The results showed that, compared with CK, all passivator treatments improved the physical and chemical properties of the soil and reduced the available Cd and Pb content in the soil and in different parts of potatoes. The T6 treatment yielded the most significant reduction in the available Cd and Pb content in the soil, the Cd and Pb content in the potato pulp, and the enrichment factor (BCF) and transfer factor (TF) of the potatoes. Compared with T4 and T5, the content of available Cd in the soil decreased by 1.22% and 4.71%, respectively; the soil available Pb content decreased by 3.13% and 3.02%, respectively; the Cd content in the potato pulp decreased by 68.08% and 31.02%, respectively; and the Pb content decreased by 31.03% and 20.00%, respectively. The results showed that the application of biochar combined with calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer had a better effect in terms of reducing the available Cd and Pb content in the soil and the Cd and Pb content in the potato flesh compared to their individual application. Biochar and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer can synergistically increase the content of soil available nutrients and reduce the activity of heavy metals in the soil to prevent the transfer and accumulation of cadmium and lead to potatoes, as well as improve their yield and quality. The results of this study provide technical support for safe potato planting and agricultural soil management.
这项工作旨在探索在受重金属（特别是镉（Cd）和铅（Pb））污染的矿区周边农田安全利用的技术，以实现农业生产中的粮食安全。选用一种镉和铅积累量高的马铃薯品种（青薯9号）作为试验作物，设置了7个处理：对照（CK）、专用马铃薯肥料（T1）、腐殖酸（T2）、专用马铃薯肥料+腐殖酸（T3）、生物炭（T4）、钙镁磷肥（T5）、生物炭+钙镁磷肥（T6）。研究了不同钝化剂组合施用对矿区污染土壤中马铃薯镉和铅积累的修复效果。结果表明，与对照相比，所有钝化剂处理均改善了土壤理化性质，降低了土壤及马铃薯不同部位的有效镉和铅含量。T6处理对土壤有效镉和铅含量、马铃薯果肉中镉和铅含量以及马铃薯的富集系数（BCF）和转运系数（TF）的降低效果最为显著。与T4和T5相比，土壤有效镉含量分别降低了1.22%和4.71%；土壤有效铅含量分别降低了3.13%和3.02%；马铃薯果肉中镉含量分别降低了68.08%和31.02%；铅含量分别降低了31.03%和20.00%。结果表明，与单独施用相比，生物炭与钙镁磷肥联合施用在降低土壤有效镉和铅含量以及马铃薯果肉中镉和铅含量方面效果更好。生物炭和钙镁磷肥可协同增加土壤有效养分含量，降低土壤中重金属活性，防止镉和铅向马铃薯转移和积累，同时提高其产量和品质。本研究结果为马铃薯安全种植和农业土壤管理提供了技术支持。
