Diez-Roda Paula, Perez-Navarro Elena, Garcia-Martin Ruben
Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)-CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 17;25(24):13488. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413488.
Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), especially transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs), have recently emerged as major new participants in interorgan communication, playing an important role in the metabolic coordination of our tissues. Among these, adipose tissue displays an extraordinary ability to secrete a vast list of EV-carried miRNAs into the circulation, representing new hormone-like factors. Despite the limitations of current methodologies for the unequivocal identification of the origin and destination of EV-carried miRNAs in vivo, recent investigations clearly support the important regulatory role of adipose-derived circulating miRNAs in shaping the metabolism and function of other tissues including the liver, muscle, endocrine pancreas, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, and brain. Here, we review the most recent findings regarding miRNAs transported by adipose-derived EVs (AdEVs) targeting other major metabolic organs and the implications of this dialog for physiology and pathology. We also review here the current and potential future diagnostic and therapeutic applications of AdEV-carried miRNAs.
循环微RNA（miRNA），尤其是通过细胞外囊泡（EV）运输的miRNA，最近已成为器官间通讯的主要新参与者，在我们组织的代谢协调中发挥着重要作用。其中，脂肪组织具有非凡的能力，能够将大量由EV携带的miRNA分泌到循环中，这些miRNA代表了新的类激素因子。尽管目前的方法在明确体内EV携带的miRNA的来源和去向方面存在局限性，但最近的研究清楚地支持了脂肪来源的循环miRNA在塑造包括肝脏、肌肉、内分泌胰腺、心血管系统、胃肠道和大脑在内的其他组织的代谢和功能方面的重要调节作用。在这里，我们综述了关于脂肪来源的EV（AdEV）携带的miRNA靶向其他主要代谢器官的最新发现，以及这种对话对生理学和病理学的影响。我们还在此综述了AdEV携带的miRNA目前和潜在的未来诊断及治疗应用。
