Silva Raquel de M, Caleffi Guilherme S, Cotinguiba Fernando
Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais Walter Mors (IPPN), Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco H, Rio de Janeiro 21941-599, RJ, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 20;25(24):13659. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413659.
, a genus within the Malvaceae family, is abundantly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas worldwide. Many species of this genus are widely utilized in various ways, including chewing, in folk medicine, acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, and treating gastrointestinal disorders, rheumatism, and asthma, among other conditions. These applications are largely due to their secondary metabolites, primarily quinolone alkaloids and cyclopeptides. Several biological activities have been reported for species, including antifungal, anticancer, trypanocidal, acetylcholinesterase inhibitory, potential anti-HIV, antinociceptive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and leishmanicidal activities. This review not only presents information on isolated alkaloids and their biological activities but also delves into biosynthetic, chemosystematic, medicinal chemistry, and total synthesis aspects. Additionally, the manuscript highlights other applications of alkaloids of the genus, such as a study on their herbicidal activity, which shows significant potential for agricultural use.
锦葵科中的一个属，在全球热带和亚热带地区广泛分布。该属的许多物种以多种方式被广泛利用，包括咀嚼、用于民间医学、作为抗炎剂以及治疗胃肠道疾病、风湿病和哮喘等病症。这些应用很大程度上归因于它们的次生代谢产物，主要是喹诺酮生物碱和环肽。已报道该属物种具有多种生物活性，包括抗真菌、抗癌、杀锥虫、乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制、潜在抗HIV、抗伤害感受、镇痛、抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化和抗利什曼原虫活性。本综述不仅介绍了分离出的生物碱及其生物活性的信息，还深入探讨了生物合成、化学分类学、药物化学和全合成方面。此外，该手稿强调了该属生物碱的其他应用，例如对其除草活性的研究，这显示出在农业应用方面的巨大潜力。
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