Natural Alkaloid Waltherione F-Derived Hydrazide Compounds Evaluated in an Agricultural Fungicidal Field.

In this project, quinoline and quinolone-containing hydrazide compounds were designed and synthesized by introducing a bioactive hydrazide group into the skeleton of waltherione F. The fungicidal activity revealed that some hydrazide compounds exhibited excellent and broad-spectrum fungicidal activity; especially, compounds , , and showed more than 90% or even 100% inhibition rates against most pathogens at 50 μg·mL. The fungicidal mechanism indicated that compound may affect the normal function of the plasma membrane, further generating changes in the morphology and subcellular structure of mycelia. Simultaneously, may resist the -treated stress through the metabolic pathways related to l-glutamate, l-glutamine, and glutathione. Finally, the effect of compound on wheat seedling's growth and the toxicity to zebrafish were accomplished. These results will provide important guidance to discover novel fungicidal lead compounds and explore new targets, which are effective ways to alleviate the increasingly severe drug resistance.