Ślęzak Marta, Migas Piotr, Bernasowski Mikolaj
Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, AGH University of Krakow, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;17(24):6207. doi: 10.3390/ma17246207.
The modern metallurgical industry produces approximately 90% of the volume of all produced steel; for this, integrated technology based on fossil materials such as coal, fluxes, and especially iron ore is used. This industry generates large amounts of waste and by-products at almost all stages of production. Alternative iron and steel production technologies based on iron ore, methane, or pure hydrogen are also not waste-free. To ensure sustainable waste management, efforts are made to seal processes as well as capture and recycle dusty waste. This work presents the results of research on the processing of sludge resulting from the dedusting of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) process and landfilling in a lagoon. The work discusses the treatment of fine dusty sludge hydrated to 26-60% HO, to which various amounts of caking agents were added; also discussed are the rheological characteristics of the tested suspension systems, the possibility of forming these systems into larger fractions, and rapid drying using 100-600 W microwaves with a drying time of 1-9 min. The aim was to identify, describe, and characterize the parameters of the agglomeration process and obtain a product that was durable enough to transport and dose into slag baths in order to reduce iron oxides in liquid phases. During the research, completely dried briquettes with an appropriate strength were obtained. The study demonstrates that microwave drying at 300 W for 6 min achieved complete drying with a weight loss of 35%, whereas a higher-power treatment at 750 W for 2 min enhanced compressive strength by up to 95% and reached 15 N/psc, which was comparable with green iron ore pellets. This approach offers a sustainable alternative to traditional methods, but with a reduced drying time.
现代冶金工业生产的钢产量约占所有钢产量的90%；为此，采用了基于煤炭、熔剂尤其是铁矿石等化石材料的综合技术。该行业在几乎所有生产阶段都会产生大量废物和副产品。基于铁矿石、甲烷或纯氢的替代钢铁生产技术也并非无废。为确保可持续的废物管理，人们努力密封生产过程，并捕获和回收含尘废物。本文介绍了对碱性氧气转炉（BOF）工艺除尘产生的污泥进行处理并填埋在泻湖中的研究结果。本文讨论了对含水量为26%至60%的细粉状含尘污泥的处理，向其中添加了不同量的粘结剂；还讨论了测试悬浮系统的流变特性、将这些系统制成更大颗粒的可能性，以及使用100 - 600瓦微波进行快速干燥（干燥时间为1 - 9分钟）。目的是识别、描述和表征团聚过程的参数，并获得一种足够耐用以便运输并计量加入熔渣浴以还原液相中铁氧化物的产品。在研究过程中，获得了具有适当强度的完全干燥的团块。研究表明，300瓦微波干燥6分钟可实现完全干燥，重量损失35%，而750瓦高功率处理2分钟可使抗压强度提高高达95%，达到15 N/psc，与生铁矿石球团相当。这种方法为传统方法提供了一种可持续的替代方案，但干燥时间更短。
