Ball Vincent
Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Centre de Recherche en Biomédecine de Strasourg, Inserm UMR_S 1121, CNRS EMR 7003, Université de Strasbourg, 1 Rue Eugène Boeckel, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 19;29(24):5990. doi: 10.3390/molecules29245990.
Specific ion effects on the structure and function of many biological macromolecules, their associations, colloidal systems, interfacial phenomena, and even "simple" electrolytes solutions are ubiquitous. The molecular origin of such phenomena is discussed either as a salt-induced change of the water structure (the hydrogen bond network) or some specific (solvent mediated) interactions of one or both of the ions of the electrolyte with the investigated co-solute (macromolecules or colloidal particles). The case of hydrogels is of high interest but is only marginally explored with respect to other physico-chemical systems because they are formed through the interactions of gelling agents in the presence of water and the added electrolyte. In addition, hydrogels in a physiological environment, in which they are used for biomedical applications, may be subjected to fluctuations in their ionic environment. In this review, specific ion effects on the properties of hydrogels (made from macromolecules or small-molecular-weight gelators) are reviewed and discussed. In particular, the importance of specific ion binding to the molecules constituting the gel network versus the effect of the same ions on the structure of water is discussed.
特定离子对许多生物大分子的结构和功能、它们的缔合、胶体系统、界面现象乃至“简单”电解质溶液的影响无处不在。此类现象的分子起源要么被视作盐诱导的水结构（氢键网络）变化，要么被看作电解质中一个或两个离子与所研究的共溶质（大分子或胶体颗粒）之间某种特定的（溶剂介导的）相互作用。水凝胶的情况备受关注，但相对于其他物理化学系统，对其研究甚少，因为它们是在水和添加的电解质存在的情况下通过胶凝剂的相互作用形成的。此外，在用于生物医学应用的生理环境中的水凝胶，其离子环境可能会发生波动。在本综述中，我们对特定离子对（由大分子或小分子凝胶剂制成的）水凝胶性质的影响进行了综述和讨论。特别讨论了特定离子与构成凝胶网络的分子结合的重要性，以及相同离子对水结构影响的重要性。
