Zhang Lingyun, Zhao Zeyu, Tao Leying, Wang Yixiao, Zhang Chi, Yang Jianing, Jiang Yongqiang, Duan Huiqi, Zhao Xiaoguang, Chen Shaolong, Wang Zilun
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Micromachines (Basel). 2024 Dec 10;15(12):1482. doi: 10.3390/mi15121482.
This paper reviews the field of cascaded metasurfaces, which are advanced optical devices formed by stacking or serially arranging multiple metasurface layers. These structures leverage near-field and far-field electromagnetic (EM) coupling mechanisms to enhance functionalities beyond single-layer metasurfaces. This review comprehensively discusses the physical principles, design methodologies, and applications of cascaded metasurfaces, focusing on both static and dynamic configurations. Near-field-coupled structures create new resonant modes through strong EM interactions, allowing for efficient control of light properties like phase, polarization, and wave propagation. Far-field coupling, achieved through greater interlayer spacing, enables traditional optical methods for design, expanding applications to aberration correction, spectrometers, and retroreflectors. Dynamic configurations include tunable devices that adjust their optical characteristics through mechanical motion, making them valuable for applications in beam steering, varifocal lenses, and holography. This paper concludes with insights into the potential of cascaded metasurfaces to create multifunctional, compact optical systems, setting the stage for future innovations in miniaturized and integrated optical devices.
本文综述了级联超表面领域，级联超表面是通过堆叠或串联排列多个超表面层形成的先进光学器件。这些结构利用近场和远场电磁（EM）耦合机制来增强超越单层超表面的功能。本综述全面讨论了级联超表面的物理原理、设计方法和应用，重点关注静态和动态配置。近场耦合结构通过强电磁相互作用产生新的共振模式，从而能够有效控制光的相位、偏振和波传播等特性。通过更大的层间距实现的远场耦合，使得传统光学设计方法得以应用，将应用扩展到像像差校正、光谱仪和后向反射器等领域。动态配置包括通过机械运动来调整其光学特性的可调谐器件，这使得它们在光束转向、变焦透镜和全息术等应用中具有重要价值。本文最后探讨了级联超表面在创建多功能、紧凑型光学系统方面的潜力，为未来小型化和集成光学器件的创新奠定了基础。
