Brañas Patricia, Fontenla Fabiola, Castaño-Amores María Victoria, Recio Raúl, Muñoz-Gallego Irene, Villa Jennifer, Viedma Esther, Folgueira Lola
Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Avda. Córdoba s/n, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
Biomedical Research Institute imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain.
Microorganisms. 2024 Nov 23;12(12):2403. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122403.
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic significantly affected the epidemiology of , a pathogen associated with various clinical presentations such as pharyngitis, scarlet fever, and invasive diseases. This study analyzed the incidence and characteristics of infections between 2018 and 2023, examining 915 cases categorized as either respiratory or non-respiratory. Respiratory infections predominantly affected children, accounting for 76% of cases, with a median age of 5 [3, 8] years, while non-respiratory infections were more common in adults, with a median age of 46.5 [34, 64] years. Invasive respiratory infections, such as pneumonia and empyema, were more frequent in children (54.8%), whereas invasive non-respiratory infections, such as primarily cellulitis, were predominantly seen in adults (90.5%). A sharp decline in infections was observed during the pandemic, with respiratory cases decreasing tenfold in 2020 compared to the previous year, and non-respiratory cases experiencing a twofold reduction. However, infection rates returned to pre-pandemic levels by 2022 and 2023, with a notable resurgence of invasive respiratory infections in children following a public health alert in the United Kingdom in late 2022. These findings highlight distinct infection patterns between pediatric and adult populations and emphasize the significant impact of the pandemic on respiratory infections, particularly in children.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）大流行显著影响了[病原体名称]的流行病学，该病原体与咽炎、猩红热和侵袭性疾病等多种临床表现相关。本研究分析了2018年至2023年期间[病原体名称]感染的发病率和特征，检查了915例分为呼吸道或非呼吸道感染的病例。呼吸道感染主要影响儿童，占病例的76%，中位年龄为5[3,8]岁，而非呼吸道感染在成人中更为常见，中位年龄为46.5[34,64]岁。侵袭性呼吸道感染，如肺炎和脓胸，在儿童中更为常见（54.8%），而侵袭性非呼吸道感染，如主要为蜂窝织炎，则主要见于成人（90.5%）。在大流行期间观察到[病原体名称]感染急剧下降，2020年呼吸道病例与前一年相比减少了十倍，非呼吸道病例减少了两倍。然而，到2022年和2023年，感染率恢复到了大流行前的水平，2022年末英国发布公共卫生警报后，儿童侵袭性呼吸道感染显著复苏。这些发现突出了儿童和成人人群之间不同的感染模式，并强调了大流行对呼吸道感染的重大影响，尤其是对儿童的影响。
