Li Jichao, Zuo Yingmei, Zhang Jinyu
Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 2238 Beijing Road, Kunming 650221, China.
Microorganisms. 2024 Nov 25;12(12):2420. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12122420.
Continuous cropping problems constitute threats to perennial plant health and survival. Soil conditioners have the potential to enhance plant disease resistance in continuous cropping systems. However, how microbes and metabolites of the rhizosphere respond to soil conditioner addition remains largely unknown, but this knowledge is paramount to providing innovative strategies to enhance plant adaptation in continuous cropping systems. Here, we found that a biochar conditioner significantly improved plant survival rates in a continuous cropping system. The biochar-induced rhizosphere significantly alters the fungal community, causing a decline in fungal diversity and the downregulation of soil microbial community functionality. Specifically, the biochar-induced rhizosphere causes a reduction in the relative abundance of pathogenic sp. and phenolic acid concentration, whose variations are the primary causes of continuous cropping problems. Conversely, we observed an unexpected bacterial diversity increase in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils. Our research further identified key microbial taxa in the biochar-induced rhizosphere, namely, , , , and , which enhance soil nutrient availability, suppress sp., mitigate soil acidification, and reduce phenolic acid concentrations. Collectively, we highlight the critical role of regular microbial communities and metabolites in determining plant health during continuous cropping and propose a synthetic microbial community framework for further optimizing the ecological functions of the rhizosphere.
连作问题对多年生植物的健康和存活构成威胁。土壤改良剂有潜力增强连作系统中植物的抗病性。然而，根际微生物和代谢产物如何响应土壤改良剂的添加在很大程度上仍不清楚，但这一知识对于提供创新策略以增强植物在连作系统中的适应性至关重要。在此，我们发现一种生物炭改良剂显著提高了连作系统中植物的存活率。生物炭诱导的根际显著改变了真菌群落，导致真菌多样性下降以及土壤微生物群落功能下调。具体而言，生物炭诱导的根际导致致病 种的相对丰度和酚酸浓度降低，其变化是连作问题的主要原因。相反，我们观察到根际和非根际土壤中细菌多样性意外增加。我们的研究进一步确定了生物炭诱导根际中的关键微生物类群，即 、 、 和 ，它们可提高土壤养分有效性、抑制 种、减轻土壤酸化并降低酚酸浓度。总体而言，我们强调了常规微生物群落和代谢产物在连作期间决定植物健康方面的关键作用，并提出了一个合成微生物群落框架以进一步优化根际的生态功能。
