Ricciuto Laurie, DiFrancesco Loretta, Gaine P Courtney, Scott Maria O, Fulgoni Victor L
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Source! Nutrition, Toronto, ON M6S 5A6, Canada.
Nutrients. 2024 Dec 16;16(24):4333. doi: 10.3390/nu16244333.
A diet high in added sugars has been linked to poor diet quality; however, little is known about specific sources of added sugars and their association with diet quality. This study examined associations between added sugars intake from specific food and beverage sources and diet quality, as indicated by the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2020 score, among the U.S. population. Data from eight consecutive 2-year cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2004 through 2017-2018) were pooled, and regression analysis was conducted to examine associations between total HEI-2020 score or HEI-2020 component scores and added sugars intake (% kcal) from key contributors: soft drinks, fruit drinks and coffee and tea; ready-to-eat cereals; flavored milk; sweet bakery products; and snack/meal bars. A higher added sugars intake from soft drinks, fruit drinks and coffee and tea was associated with lower diet quality (lower total HEI score and lower scores on most of the HEI components) among both children and adults ( < 0.0001). In contrast, higher added sugars intakes from flavored milk ( < 0.0001) and snack/meals bars ( < 0.001) among children, and from sweet bakery products ( < 0.0001) among adults, were associated with higher diet quality. For all these associations, changes in the total HEI score across quintiles of added sugars intake were very small, ranging from 50.2 to 52.8 for children and 55.4 to 57.5 for adults, depending on the added sugars source. The nature of the relationship between added sugars intake and diet quality depends on the source of added sugars. While the small differences in diet quality may be of limited practical significance, our results suggest that the consideration of the different roles of various added sugars sources in the diet is warranted when developing dietary guidance.
高添加糖饮食与不良饮食质量有关；然而，对于添加糖的具体来源及其与饮食质量的关联却知之甚少。本研究在美国人群中，考察了特定食品和饮料来源的添加糖摄入量与饮食质量之间的关联，饮食质量由2020年健康饮食指数（HEI）得分来衡量。汇总了来自国家健康与营养检查调查连续八个两年周期（2003 - 2004年至2017 - 2018年）的数据，并进行回归分析，以检验总HEI - 2020得分或HEI - 2020各成分得分与关键来源的添加糖摄入量（占千卡比例）之间的关联，这些关键来源包括：软饮料、果汁饮料以及咖啡和茶；即食谷物；调味牛奶；甜烘焙食品；以及零食/餐吧。儿童和成人中，软饮料、果汁饮料以及咖啡和茶中较高的添加糖摄入量均与较低的饮食质量相关（总HEI得分较低，且大多数HEI成分得分也较低）（<0.0001）。相比之下，儿童中调味牛奶（<0.0001）和零食/餐吧（<0.001）较高的添加糖摄入量，以及成人中甜烘焙食品（<0.0001）较高的添加糖摄入量，均与较高的饮食质量相关。对于所有这些关联，添加糖摄入量五分位数间总HEI得分的变化非常小，儿童为50.2至52.8，成人为55.4至57.5，具体取决于添加糖来源。添加糖摄入量与饮食质量之间关系的性质取决于添加糖的来源。虽然饮食质量的微小差异可能实际意义有限，但我们的结果表明，在制定饮食指南时，考虑各种添加糖来源在饮食中的不同作用是有必要的。
