Roseti Livia, Cavallo Carola, Desando Giovanna, D'Alessandro Martina, Grigolo Brunella
Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano, 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Dec 22;16(12):1622. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16121622.
The treatment of articular cartilage damage has always represented a problem of considerable practical interest for orthopedics. Over the years, many surgical techniques have been proposed to induce the growth of repairing tissue and limit degeneration. In 1994, the turning point occurred: implanted autologous cells paved the way for a new treatment option based more on regeneration than repair. This review aims to outline biological and clinical advances, from the use of mature adult chondrocytes to cell-derived products, going through progenitor cells derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue and their concentrates for articular cartilage repair. Moreover, it highlights the relevance of gene therapy as a valuable tool for successfully implementing current regenerative treatments, and overcoming the limitations of the local delivery of growth factors. Finally, this review concludes with an outlook on the importance of understanding the role and mechanisms of action of the different cell compounds with a view to implementing personalized treatments.
关节软骨损伤的治疗一直是骨科领域一个具有相当实际意义的问题。多年来，人们提出了许多外科技术来诱导修复组织生长并限制退变。1994年，转折点出现了：植入自体细胞为一种更多基于再生而非修复的新治疗选择铺平了道路。这篇综述旨在概述从使用成熟的成年软骨细胞到细胞衍生产品的生物学和临床进展，涵盖来自骨髓或脂肪组织的祖细胞及其用于关节软骨修复的浓缩物。此外，它强调了基因治疗作为成功实施当前再生治疗以及克服生长因子局部递送局限性的宝贵工具的相关性。最后，这篇综述展望了理解不同细胞复合物的作用和作用机制对于实施个性化治疗的重要性。
