Ostrometzky Jonatan, Messer Hagit
School of Electrical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, P.O. Box 39040, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Dec 11;24(24):7901. doi: 10.3390/s24247901.
This paper presents how the concept of opportunistic integrated sensing and communication (ISAC), focusing on weather sensing, is incorporated into wireless smart cities' networks. The concept, first introduced in 2006, utilized standard signal level measurements from wireless backhaul cellular networks for rain monitoring. Since then, it has expanded to include technologies like satellite communication and smart cities' networks. Opportunistic ISAC (OISAC) for weather involves transforming communication networks into virtual sensors by interpreting the signal attenuation caused by environmental factors, such as rain. These virtual sensors form the sensing layer of an IoT system, with built-in connectivity. In this paper, we present the recent advancements in the field, emphasizing the potential of current and future smart cities' wireless networks for accurate rainfall monitoring. We also demonstrate a test case in the city of Rehovot in Israel, where high spatiotemporal resolution rain maps produced via the OISAC paradigm significantly outperform the spatial resolution achieved by modern weather radars. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities in applying this concept.
本文介绍了如何将以气象传感为重点的机会主义集成传感与通信（ISAC）概念融入无线智慧城市网络。该概念于2006年首次提出，利用无线回程蜂窝网络的标准信号电平测量进行降雨监测。从那时起，它已扩展到包括卫星通信和智慧城市网络等技术。用于气象的机会主义ISAC（OISAC）涉及通过解释由降雨等环境因素引起的信号衰减，将通信网络转变为虚拟传感器。这些虚拟传感器构成了物联网系统的传感层，并具有内置连接性。在本文中，我们展示了该领域的最新进展，强调了当前和未来智慧城市无线网络在精确降雨监测方面的潜力。我们还展示了以色列雷霍沃特市的一个测试案例，通过OISAC范式生成的高时空分辨率降雨图明显优于现代气象雷达所达到的空间分辨率。我们还讨论了应用这一概念所面临的挑战和机遇。
