McGee M P, Rothberger H
Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Mar;131(3):331-6. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1985.131.3.331.
Local and systemic coagulation and fibrin deposition occur in many types of alveolar injury and inflammation, but clotting factors capable of initiating the coagulation cascade in the alveolus have not been thoroughly identified and characterized. In the present studies, BAL (bronchoalveolar lavage) fluids obtained from rabbits were found to have procoagulant activity detectable in dilutions containing as little as 1.3 ng of protein. The specific activity of the procoagulant in these fluids was within 1 order of magnitude of that found in brain thromboplastin. The BAL procoagulant was shown to be associated with particles having a molecular weight greater than 15 X 10(6) daltons by gel filtration chromatography, and was characterized as tissue factor by showing specific requirements for factors VII, X, and II. Further experiments were performed using membranes purified from alveolar macrophages by sucrose density gradients and characterized by studies of alkaline phosphodiesterase I, a cytoplasmic membrane marker, and electron microscopy. These studies demonstrate that alveolar macrophages, especially low-density subpopulations, generate and release membrane material that is a source of tissue factor in BAL fluids.
局部和全身的凝血及纤维蛋白沉积发生在多种类型的肺泡损伤和炎症中，但能够在肺泡中启动凝血级联反应的凝血因子尚未得到充分鉴定和表征。在本研究中，发现从兔子获得的支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）液在蛋白质含量低至1.3 ng的稀释液中具有可检测到的促凝活性。这些液体中促凝剂的比活性与脑凝血活酶中的比活性在1个数量级之内。通过凝胶过滤色谱法显示，BAL促凝剂与分子量大于15×10⁶道尔顿的颗粒相关，并通过显示对因子VII、X和II的特定需求而被表征为组织因子。使用通过蔗糖密度梯度从肺泡巨噬细胞纯化的膜进行了进一步实验，并通过对细胞质膜标记物碱性磷酸二酯酶I的研究和电子显微镜进行了表征。这些研究表明，肺泡巨噬细胞，尤其是低密度亚群，产生并释放作为BAL液中组织因子来源的膜物质。
