Alvariño Lorena, Castañeda Luz, Panduro Grober, da Silva Acioly Thiago Machado, Viana Diego Carvalho, Iannacone José
Animal Ecology and Biodiversity Laboratory (LEBA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemática, Grupo de Investigación en Sostenibilidad Ambiental (GISA), Escuela Universitaria de Posgrado, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, El Agustino, Lima, Perú.
Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales, Departamento de Conservación de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Ucayali, Carretera Federico Basadre Km 6, Pucallpa, Perú.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 7;15(1):1189. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-85025-4.
Multi-species tests in bioassays offer a holistic view of the ecosystem's response to toxicity, as different species display varying sensitivities to pollutants. This research aimed to assess the ability of toxicity tests' to distinguish contamination levels, examine site-specific effects, and investigate seasonal variability. Using a multispecies approach (Nannochloropsis oceanica, Artemia franciscana, and Arbacia nigra), bioassays evaluated marine water quality from Callao Bay in Peru across four sampling areas (Naval School: PA1, Peruvian Marine Institute: PA2, Callao Pier: PA3, and San Lorenzo Island: PA4). These species, with varying sizes and morphologies, are relevant to marine systems and ideal for multispecies toxicity testing, contributing to broader environmental impact discussions. To conduct toxicity bioassays, seasonal evaluations were performed in fall, winter, spring, and summer. Brine shrimp displayed seasonal variations in toxicity values, with notable mortality rates during winter. Nannochloropsis oceanica was the most sensitive species, showing moderate toxicity across seasons. Areas impacted by pollution sources, such as wastewater and maritime traffic, exhibited the highest toxicity levels (PA3 and PA4). These fluctuations underscore the need to consider seasonal and local conditions when assessing organism sensitivity to seawater contaminants. Additionally, they reveal the complex interplay between environmental factors, water quality, and organism responses in marine ecosystems.
生物测定中的多物种测试提供了生态系统对毒性反应的整体视图，因为不同物种对污染物表现出不同的敏感性。本研究旨在评估毒性测试区分污染水平、检查特定地点影响以及调查季节变化的能力。使用多物种方法（海洋微拟球藻、卤虫和黑海胆），生物测定评估了秘鲁卡亚俄湾四个采样区域（海军学校：PA1、秘鲁海洋研究所：PA2、卡亚俄码头：PA3和圣洛伦索岛：PA4）的海水水质。这些物种具有不同的大小和形态，与海洋系统相关，是多物种毒性测试的理想选择，有助于更广泛的环境影响讨论。为了进行毒性生物测定，在秋季、冬季、春季和夏季进行了季节性评估。卤虫的毒性值呈现季节性变化，冬季死亡率显著。海洋微拟球藻是最敏感的物种，在各个季节都表现出中等毒性。受废水和海上交通等污染源影响的区域毒性水平最高（PA3和PA4）。这些波动强调了在评估生物体对海水污染物的敏感性时需要考虑季节和当地条件。此外，它们揭示了海洋生态系统中环境因素、水质和生物体反应之间复杂的相互作用。
