Mancin Laura, Burke Louise M, Rollo Ian
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sports Med. 2025 Jan 8. doi: 10.1007/s40279-024-02167-1.
Although dietary guidelines concerning carbohydrate intake for athletes are well established, these do not include recommendations for daily fibre intake. However, there are many scenarios in sports nutrition in which common practice involves the manipulation of fibre intake to address gastrointestinal comfort around exercise, or acute or chronic goals around the management of body mass or composition. The effect of fibre intake in overall health is also important, particularly in combination with other dietary considerations such as the elevated protein requirements in this population. An athlete's habitual intake of dietary fibre should be assessed. If less than 20 g a day, athletes may consider dietary interventions to gradually increase intake. It is proposed that a ramp phase is adopted to gradually increase fibre ingestion to ~ 30 g of fibre a day (which includes ~ 2 g of beta-glucan) over a duration of 6 weeks. The outcomes of achieving a daily fibre intake are to help preserve athlete gut microbiome diversity and stability, intestinal barrier function as well as the downstream effects of short-chain fatty acids produced following the fermentation of microbiome accessible carbohydrates. Nevertheless, there are scenarios in which daily manipulation of fibre intake, either to reduce or increase intake, may be valuable in assisting the athlete to maintain gastrointestinal comfort during exercise or to contribute to body mass/composition goals. Although further research is required, the aim of this current opinion paper is to ensure that fibre is not forgotten as a nutrient in the athlete's diet.
尽管关于运动员碳水化合物摄入量的饮食指南已很完善，但其中并未包含每日纤维摄入量的建议。然而，在运动营养领域，有许多情况常见的做法是通过调整纤维摄入量来解决运动前后的胃肠道舒适度问题，或实现控制体重或身体成分的短期或长期目标。纤维摄入量对整体健康的影响也很重要，特别是与该人群其他饮食考量因素（如较高的蛋白质需求）相结合时。应该评估运动员膳食纤维的习惯性摄入量。如果每天摄入量少于20克，运动员可考虑采取饮食干预措施来逐渐增加摄入量。建议采用一个递增阶段，在6周的时间内将纤维摄入量逐渐增加至每天约30克（其中包括约2克β-葡聚糖）。实现每日纤维摄入量的目标是有助于维持运动员肠道微生物群的多样性和稳定性、肠道屏障功能以及微生物可利用碳水化合物发酵后产生的短链脂肪酸的下游效应。然而，在某些情况下，每日调整纤维摄入量，无论是减少还是增加，对于帮助运动员在运动期间保持胃肠道舒适度或实现体重/身体成分目标可能是有价值的。尽管还需要进一步研究，但本意见书的目的是确保纤维在运动员饮食中不会被遗忘为一种营养素。
