Roy Prodyut, Chowdhury Kamal Uddin Ahmed
Independent Scholar - Educational Psychology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Glob Ment Health (Camb). 2024 Nov 11;11:e108. doi: 10.1017/gmh.2024.107. eCollection 2024.
This study investigates the stigma against people with mental illness in Bangladesh through in-depth interviews with 14 patients and 9 healthcare professionals, and 33 focus group discussions with people without mental illness. The research has delved into the understanding of different types of stigma against mental illness in the context of Bangladesh. The findings revealed four types of stigma which were categorized into four themes namely self-stigma, public stigma, professional, and institutional stigma. Patients had internalized negative attitudes, thereby discriminated toward themselves. The public discriminated against patients because of believing in prejudices against them. Other health professionals had negative conceptions toward patients, and they devalued mental health professionals (MHPs). A culture of negative attitude and belief had emerged in institutional settings which encouraged discrimination. Policymakers and healthcare professionals can use the findings to develop a mental health service by addressing the stigma. Mental health practitioners can assess the impact of stigma to improve the mental well-being of their patients. Students and workplace staff will benefit from intentional or unintentional discrimination in educational institutions and workplace settings by addressing the effects of stigma. Importantly, other health care providers will be aware of their thoughts against patients and MHPs.
本研究通过对14名患者和9名医疗保健专业人员进行深入访谈，以及与33个无精神疾病人群进行焦点小组讨论，调查了孟加拉国针对精神疾病患者的污名化现象。该研究深入探讨了在孟加拉国背景下对精神疾病不同类型污名的理解。研究结果揭示了四种类型的污名，分为四个主题，即自我污名、公众污名、专业污名和机构污名。患者内化了消极态度，从而歧视自己。公众因相信对患者的偏见而歧视他们。其他医疗保健专业人员对患者持有消极观念，并且贬低精神卫生专业人员（MHP）。在机构环境中出现了消极态度和信念的文化，这种文化助长了歧视。政策制定者和医疗保健专业人员可以利用这些研究结果，通过消除污名来发展心理健康服务。精神卫生从业者可以评估污名的影响，以改善患者的心理健康。通过消除污名的影响，学生和职场员工将受益于教育机构和职场环境中有意或无意的歧视。重要的是，其他医疗保健提供者将意识到他们对患者和精神卫生专业人员的看法。
