Kao Tsui-Sui Annie, Ling Jiying, Alanazi Mohammed, Bara Nick, Barnes Najor Jessica
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia.
Health Psychol Behav Med. 2024 Dec 26;13(1):2446368. doi: 10.1080/21642850.2024.2446368. eCollection 2025.
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Rural adults and children are at higher risk for overweight and obesity. However, there are relatively few lifestyle modification programs available for these high-risk families, mainly because of the difficulty in reaching them. This mindfulness-based motivational interviewing (MM-based-MI) pilot aimed to improve parents' healthy eating index (HEI), collective family efficacy, family satisfaction, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms as well as parent-child dyads' eating patterns, physical activity (PA), and body mass index (BMI).
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted in the Midwestern US to examine the feasibility (enrollment, attendance, and attrition), acceptability, and preliminary effects of an MM-based-MI intervention that contained nine sessions of health coaching (1-on-1), while the active-control included nine emailed health handouts sent over an 18-week period.
A total of 46 parents (29 intervention, 17 control; M= 38.5 years, 85% female) participated. The enrollment rate, intervention attendance rate, and attrition rate were 12.6%, 79.8%, and 23.9% respectively. Although not statistically significant, compared to the control, the MM-based-MI intervention showed positive effects on improving parents' HEI in terms of increasing total HEI score (Cohen's = 0.43), vegetable intake (= 0.41), greens/beans (= 0.59), protein food (= 0.82), and self-efficacy in exercise (= 0.21), as well as decreasing total calories (Kcal, = -0.58), added sugar (= -0.50), and depressive symptoms (= -0.42), while controlling for marital status. Controlling for age, sex, and marital status, intervention children had greater improvement in increasing fiber (= 0.75) and protein (= 0.72) intake compared to the active-control group. Moreover, parents in both groups reported improvement (small to large effects) in ↑mindful eating, ↑collective family efficacy, ↑family satisfaction, and ↓perceived stress over time.
Despite some limitations (small sample size, virtual at home measurement), our results support the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of this program on potentially mitigating some obesogenic behaviors among rural parent-child dyads.
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05324969.
背景/目的：农村成年人和儿童超重及肥胖的风险更高。然而，针对这些高危家庭的生活方式改善项目相对较少，主要是因为难以接触到他们。这项基于正念的动机性访谈（MM - 基于 - MI）试点旨在改善父母的健康饮食指数（HEI）、家庭集体效能感、家庭满意度、感知压力和抑郁症状，以及亲子二元组的饮食模式、身体活动（PA）和体重指数（BMI）。
这项随机对照试验（RCT）在美国中西部进行，以检验包含九节健康指导课程（一对一）的基于MM - MI干预的可行性（招募、出勤和损耗情况）、可接受性和初步效果，而积极对照组包括在18周内通过电子邮件发送的九份健康手册。
共有46名家长（29名干预组，17名对照组；平均年龄 = 38.5岁，85%为女性）参与。招募率、干预出勤率和损耗率分别为12.6%、79.8%和23.9%。尽管无统计学意义，但与对照组相比，基于MM - MI的干预在提高父母的HEI方面显示出积极效果，包括提高总HEI得分（科恩效应量 = 0.43）、蔬菜摄入量（= 0.41）、绿叶菜/豆类（= 0.59）、蛋白质食物摄入量（= 0.82）以及运动自我效能感（= 0.21），同时减少总热量（千卡，= -0.58）、添加糖摄入量（= -0.50）和抑郁症状（= -0.42），并对婚姻状况进行了控制。在控制年龄、性别和婚姻状况后，干预组儿童在增加纤维摄入量（= 0.75）和蛋白质摄入量（= 0.72）方面比积极对照组有更大改善。此外，随着时间推移，两组家长均报告在正念饮食、家庭集体效能感、家庭满意度提高以及感知压力降低方面有改善（效果从小到中）。
尽管存在一些局限性（样本量小、在家虚拟测量），我们的结果支持该项目在潜在减轻农村亲子二元组中一些致肥胖行为方面的可行性、可接受性和初步效果。
ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05324969。
