Razzaghi Donya, Babazadeh-Mamaqani Milad, Babaie Amin, Esmati Fatemeh, Roghani-Mamaqani Hossein, Rezaei Mostafa, De Clerck Karen, Hoogenboom Richard
Faculty of Polymer Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, 51335-1996 Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, 56199-11367 Ardabil, Iran.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Jan 22;17(3):4247-4289. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c17105. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Physical understanding and determination of different analytes without the need for advanced and additional equipment are highly important, which can be achieved by using stimuli-induced chromic materials. Physical and chemical incorporation of responsive chromophores into different polymers results in the fabrication of chromic polymers. Chromic electrospun nanofibers are prepared using the electrospinning technique, and their stimuli-responsivity is improved due to their high surface-to-volume ratio. This Perspective focuses on recent studies and developments on stimuli-induced chromic electrospun nanofibers. Within this Perspective, these nanofibers are divided into different classes of photochromic, thermochromic, electrochromic, mechanochromic, halochromic, solvatochromic, hydrochromic, and ionochromic according to the stimuli to which they respond. In addition, the preparation methods, chromic compounds, electrospinning conditions, response mechanisms, and different applications of chromic nanofibers will be discussed. The main applications of such chromic nanofibers are food packaging sensors, health monitoring sensors, anticounterfeiting materials, ink-free rewritable media, and smart clothing. Several new strategies are also proposed for different applications in future studies. The preparation of multiresponsive nanofibers that combine different chromic properties in a single system and also multifunctional nanofibers that merge stimuli-responsive chromic properties with other smart functionalities can be considered in the future. This Perspective aims to assist researchers and scientists in the preparation and development of new multifunctional chromic electrospun nanofibers for advanced applications, including multimode anticounterfeiting materials, multiresponsive sensors for food packaging, and shape memory-assisted dual-mode encryption of important data.
在无需先进和额外设备的情况下对不同分析物进行物理理解和测定非常重要，这可以通过使用刺激诱导变色材料来实现。将响应性发色团物理和化学地掺入不同聚合物中可制成变色聚合物。变色电纺纳米纤维是使用电纺技术制备的，由于其高的表面积与体积比，其刺激响应性得到了提高。本综述重点关注刺激诱导变色电纺纳米纤维的最新研究和进展。在本综述中，这些纳米纤维根据其响应的刺激分为不同类别，包括光致变色、热致变色、电致变色、机械致变色、卤致变色、溶剂致变色、水致变色和离子致变色。此外，还将讨论变色纳米纤维的制备方法、变色化合物、电纺条件、响应机制和不同应用。此类变色纳米纤维的主要应用包括食品包装传感器、健康监测传感器、防伪材料、无墨可重写介质和智能服装。还为未来研究中的不同应用提出了几种新策略。未来可以考虑制备在单个系统中结合不同变色特性的多响应纳米纤维，以及将刺激响应变色特性与其他智能功能相结合的多功能纳米纤维。本综述旨在协助研究人员和科学家制备和开发新型多功能变色电纺纳米纤维，用于先进应用，包括多模防伪材料、食品包装用多响应传感器以及重要数据的形状记忆辅助双模加密。
