Pereira Alzira Aparecida, Yaverino-Gutierrez Mario Alberto, Monteiro Mayara Cortez, Souza Brenda Azevedo, Bachheti Rakesh Kumar, Chandel Anuj K
Renewable Carbon and Biology System (ReCABS) Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo (EEL-USP), Lorena 12602-810, SP, Brazil.
University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India; Department of Allied Sciences, Graphic Era Hill University, Society Area, Clement Town, Dehradun 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
Food Res Int. 2025 Jan;200:115527. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.115527. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Food security issues are becoming more pressing due to the world's rapid population expansion and climate change, which also drive up demand for nutrient-dense commodities like meat and cereals. Conventional agricultural practices, which depend on pesticides, fertilizers, and antibiotics, are exacerbating environmental problems, such as antibiotic resistance. Precision fermentation has become a game-changing technique that uses microorganisms to create high-value food ingredients more efficiently and with less negative environmental impact. This method optimizes microbial strains and improves manufacturing processes by utilizing cutting-edge technologies like metabolic engineering and next-generation sequencing. Crucial microorganisms in this technique are filamentous fungi and yeasts, which produce a wide range of products from lipids to proteins. To support microbial growth, an appropriate media formulation is crucial, and downstream processing guarantees the high-quality product recovery. The precise fermentation industry is expanding due to constant advancements and investments, despite obstacles including high production costs and strict regulations. The increased potential of precise fermentation is demonstrated by the commercial trends, which include large investments and the emergence of profitable companies. This review aims to discuss how Precision fermentation has the potential to completely transform the food production industry by providing sustainable alternatives and strengthening the foundation of an increasingly robust and effective food system as well as mentioned the challenges of its implementation.
由于世界人口的快速增长和气候变化，粮食安全问题正变得越来越紧迫，这也推动了对肉类和谷物等营养密集型商品的需求。依赖农药、化肥和抗生素的传统农业做法正在加剧环境问题，如抗生素耐药性。精准发酵已成为一种改变游戏规则的技术，它利用微生物更高效地生产高价值食品成分，同时对环境的负面影响更小。该方法通过利用代谢工程和下一代测序等前沿技术来优化微生物菌株并改进制造工艺。这项技术中的关键微生物是丝状真菌和酵母，它们能产生从脂质到蛋白质的多种产品。为了支持微生物生长，合适的培养基配方至关重要，下游加工则确保高质量的产品回收。尽管存在生产成本高和监管严格等障碍，但由于不断的进步和投资，精准发酵行业正在不断发展。商业趋势，包括大量投资和盈利公司的出现，证明了精准发酵的潜力在不断增加。本综述旨在讨论精准发酵如何有可能通过提供可持续的替代方案以及加强日益强大和有效的食品系统基础来彻底改变食品生产行业，并提及了其实施过程中的挑战。
