Verma Aman, Jain Aakash, Sekhar Sethy Siddharth, Verma Vishal, Goyal Nikhil, Vathulya Madhubari, Kandwal Pankaj
Department of Orthopaedics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, 249203.
Department of Burns and Plastic surgery. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India, 249203.
J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2024 Nov 7;58:102803. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2024.102803. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Orthopedic surgery and traumatology necessitate cost-effective approaches that can be replicated across multiple venues. Finite Element (FE) simulation models have evolved as a solution, allowing for consistent investigations into biomechanical systems. Finite Element Analysis (FEA), which began in the 1950s aviation industry, has since expanded into orthopedics. Its progress, fueled by improved computing, has a significant impact on orthopedic surgery, helping to understand biomechanics and post-implantation responses. The use of FEA has increased in recent decades, demonstrating its critical importance in modern orthopedic research. Methodologies for FEA include both generic and patient-specific approaches, each customized to individual needs. FEA goes through three stages: preprocessing, solution, and postprocessing, all of which require exact material property assignment and boundary conditions. Pathophysiology, orthopedic biomechanics, implant design, fracture fixation, bracing, and preoperative planning are all applications of FEA, which has revolutionized surgical methods. However, FEA has drawbacks such as oversimplification, processing needs, and validation issues. Future FEA advances aim to improve model accuracy, add active muscle simulation, and standardize procedures, resulting in significant advancements in orthopedic research and treatment planning.
骨外科与创伤学需要能在多个场所重复使用的经济高效的方法。有限元（FE）模拟模型已发展成为一种解决方案，可对生物力学系统进行连贯的研究。始于20世纪50年代航空业的有限元分析（FEA），后来扩展到了骨科领域。在计算能力提升的推动下，其发展对骨外科产生了重大影响，有助于理解生物力学和植入后的反应。近几十年来，FEA的应用有所增加，表明其在现代骨科研究中至关重要。FEA的方法包括通用方法和针对患者的方法，每种方法都根据个体需求进行定制。FEA分为三个阶段：预处理、求解和后处理，所有这些都需要精确的材料属性赋值和边界条件。病理生理学、骨科生物力学、植入物设计、骨折固定、支具以及术前规划都是FEA的应用领域，它彻底改变了手术方法。然而，FEA也存在诸如过度简化、处理需求和验证问题等缺点。未来FEA的进展旨在提高模型准确性、增加主动肌肉模拟并规范程序，从而在骨科研究和治疗规划方面取得重大进展。
