Juckett William T, Evanoff Nicholas G, Kelly Aaron S, Bomberg Eric M, Dengel Donald R
School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Child Obes. 2025 Jun;21(4):402-410. doi: 10.1089/chi.2024.0325. Epub 2025 Jan 9.
Relationships between gonadotropins, sex hormones, and vascular structure and function in adolescents of varying weight statuses have not been fully investigated. In the present study, we examined associations among these in female and male adolescents with normal weight or obesity. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adolescents ( = 58; 12-<18 years) grouped according to BMI percentile (BMI%) into normal weight (5th-<85th BMI%; = 25) and obesity (≥95th BMI%; = 33) categories. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, and estradiol. Vascular function was measured via ultrasonography for measures of carotid artery diameter compliance (cDC), incremental elastic modulus (cIEM), and brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD). Females with obesity had a significantly ( = 0.009) greater mean FMD compared with those with normal weight. FSH, LH, testosterone, and estradiol did not differ between normal weight and obesity groups in either sex. After adjusting for age and multiple comparisons, higher testosterone was associated with decreased cDC ( = 0.189; = 0.018) and increased cIEM ( = 0.346; = 0.002) across all females. In all males, higher estradiol was associated with decreased cDC ( = 0.404; = 0.006) and increased cIEM ( = 0.411; = 0.003). We found that testosterone and estradiol were associated with vascular measures in female and male adolescents, respectively. Future studies are needed to confirm these relationships in larger cohorts and among those with BMIs in the overweight (85th-<95th BMI%) and severe obesity (BMI ≥120% of the 95th percentile and/or ≥35 kg/m) categories.
不同体重状况青少年的促性腺激素、性激素与血管结构和功能之间的关系尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，我们调查了体重正常或肥胖的青少年女性和男性中这些因素之间的关联。我们对青少年（n = 58；12 - <18岁）进行了横断面分析，根据BMI百分位数（BMI%）分为正常体重组（第5 - <85百分位BMI%；n = 25）和肥胖组（≥第95百分位BMI%；n = 33）。采集空腹血样以测量促卵泡激素（FSH）、促黄体生成素（LH）、睾酮和雌二醇。通过超声测量血管功能，以评估颈动脉直径顺应性（cDC）、增量弹性模量（cIEM）和肱动脉血流介导的扩张（FMD）。肥胖女性的平均FMD显著高于正常体重女性（P = 0.009）。正常体重组和肥胖组的FSH、LH、睾酮和雌二醇在男女中均无差异。在调整年龄和多次比较后，所有女性中较高的睾酮与cDC降低（β = 0.189；P = 0.018）和cIEM增加（β = 0.346；P = 0.002）相关。在所有男性中，较高的雌二醇与cDC降低（β = 0.404；P = 0.006）和cIEM增加（β = 0.411；P = 0.003）相关。我们发现睾酮和雌二醇分别与青少年女性和男性的血管指标相关。未来需要在更大的队列以及超重（第85 - <95百分位BMI%）和重度肥胖（BMI≥第95百分位的120%和/或≥35 kg/m²）类别中确认这些关系。
