社会脆弱性指数与加利福尼亚州高中运动训练师服务可及性之间的关联

The Association between the Social Vulnerability Index and Access to California High School Athletic Trainers.

作者信息

Tao Frances, Turner Charis, Kliethermes Stephanie, Luke Anthony, Berrigan William, Hatamiya Nicolas

机构信息

University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Medicine.

University of Washington, Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Residency.

出版信息

J Athl Train. 2024 Dec 30. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-0522-24.

DOI:10.4085/1062-6050-0522-24

PMID:39786945

Abstract

CONTEXT

Social determinants of health are known to affect overall access to youth sports, however, it is not fully understood how multiple social determinants of health may impact access to school-based athletic training services.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the relationship between Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) scores on access to high school-based athletic trainers in California.

DESIGN

Retrospective, cross-sectional study.

SETTING

Online survey.

PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS

California Interscholastic Federation (CIF) high school respondents of the 2022-23 Participation Census.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Association between Social Vulnerability Index scores and access to school-based athletic trainer services.

METHODS

This study uses data from CIF high school respondents of the 2022-23 Participation Census. School addresses were used to extract SVI scores from the U.S. Census Bureau. Separate multivariable logistic regressions and generalized linear mixed effects models assessed the relationships between access to school-based athletic training services and SVI scores at the census and county levels.

RESULTS

There were 1,598 respondent schools (65% public, 24% private, and 11% charter). 49% of schools reported having an athletic trainer, of which 41% were certified. Adjusted analyses revealed that increased vulnerability in household characteristics was associated with lower odds of access to athletic trainers and certified athletic trainers at both county (OR: 0.89 (95% CI: 0.80, 0.99); p = .04) and census tract levels (OR: 0.93 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.97); p = .002). Increased vulnerability in socioeconomic status was associated with lower odds of having an certified athletic trainer at the census tract level (OR: 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89, 0.98); p = .006), but not the county level (p = .16).

CONCLUSIONS

Increased vulnerability in household characteristics is associated with decreased odds of access to high school-based athletic training services.

摘要

背景

已知健康的社会决定因素会影响青少年参与体育运动的总体机会，然而，多种健康的社会决定因素如何影响获得校内运动训练服务的机会，目前尚不完全清楚。

目的

确定加利福尼亚州社会脆弱性指数（SVI）得分与获得高中运动训练师服务机会之间的关系。

设计

回顾性横断面研究。

设置

在线调查。

患者或其他参与者

2022 - 2023年参与普查的加利福尼亚州校际联合会（CIF）高中受访者。

主要观察指标

社会脆弱性指数得分与获得校内运动训练师服务机会之间的关联。

方法

本研究使用了2022 - 2023年参与普查的CIF高中受访者的数据。学校地址用于从美国人口普查局提取SVI得分。分别采用多变量逻辑回归和广义线性混合效应模型评估在普查区和县级层面获得校内运动训练服务机会与SVI得分之间的关系。

结果

共有1598所受访学校（65%为公立学校，24%为私立学校，11%为特许学校）。49%的学校报告有运动训练师，其中41%获得认证。调整分析显示，家庭特征方面脆弱性增加与在县级（比值比：0.89（95%置信区间：0.80，0.99）；p = 0.04）和普查区层面获得运动训练师和获得认证运动训练师的几率降低相关。社会经济地位方面脆弱性增加与在普查区层面有认证运动训练师的几率降低相关（比值比：0.94（95%置信区间：0.89，0.98）；p = 0.006），但在县级层面不相关（p = 0.16）。