Tremblay Renaud, Marcotte-Chénard Alexis, Deslauriers Lara, Boulay Pierre, Boisvert François-Michel, Geraldes Pedro, Gayda Mathieu, Christou Demetra D, Little Jonathan P, Mampuya Warner, Riesco Eléonor
Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, CANADA.
CHUS Research Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, CANADA.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2025 May 1;57(5):951-961. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003639. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
The acute effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on blood pressure (BP) may depend on the exercise protocol performed.
To compare the acute effect of high- and low-volume HIIT on post-exercise and ambulatory BP in untrained older females diagnosed with both type 2 diabetes and hypertension.
Fifteen females (69 (65-74) yr) completed a crossover study with three experimental conditions: 1) REST (35 min in sitting position); 2) HIIT10 (10 × 1 min at 90% heart rate max (HRmax)), and 3) HIIT4 (4 × 4 min at 90% HRmax). After each experimental condition, BP was measured under controlled (4 h) and in subsequent free-living conditions (20 h).
In the controlled post-condition 4-h period, no significant interaction (time-condition) was observed for all BP parameters ( P ≥ 0.082). Similarly, during the subsequent 20-h free-living ambulatory monitoring (diurnal and nocturnal), no differences between conditions were detected ( P ≥ 0.094). A significant reduction in nighttime pulse pressure was observed in both HIIT4 and HIIT10 compared with REST (46 (44-50), 45 (42-53) vs 50 (45-57) mm Hg, respectively; P ≤ 0.018) with no differences between HIIT conditions ( P = 0.316). Changes in nocturnal systolic BP approached but did not reach statistical significance ( P = 0.068).
This study suggests that in untrained older females living with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, the HIIT10 and HIIT4 protocols have very limited to no acute effect on post-exercise and ambulatory BP. The fact that the vast majority of participants had well-controlled office and ambulatory BP values as well as low cardiorespiratory fitness could explain these findings.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对血压（BP）的急性影响可能取决于所执行的运动方案。
比较高运动量和低运动量HIIT对未受过训练的、同时患有2型糖尿病和高血压的老年女性运动后血压和动态血压的急性影响。
15名女性（69（65 - 74）岁）完成了一项交叉研究，包括三种实验条件：1）休息（坐姿35分钟）；2）HIIT10（以最大心率（HRmax）的90%进行10次×1分钟运动），以及3）HIIT4（以HRmax的90%进行4次×4分钟运动）。在每种实验条件后，在受控（4小时）和随后的自由生活条件（20小时）下测量血压。
在受控的4小时后条件期间，所有血压参数均未观察到显著的交互作用（时间 - 条件）（P≥0.082）。同样，在随后的20小时自由生活动态监测（日间和夜间）期间，各条件之间未检测到差异（P≥0.094）。与休息相比，HIIT4和HIIT10组夜间脉压均显著降低（分别为46（44 - 50）、45（42 - 53）与50（45 - 57）mmHg；P≤0.018），HIIT各条件之间无差异（P = 0.316）。夜间收缩压的变化接近但未达到统计学意义（P = 0.068）。
本研究表明，对于患有2型糖尿病和高血压的未受过训练的老年女性，HIIT10和HIIT4方案对运动后血压和动态血压的急性影响非常有限或无急性影响。绝大多数参与者办公室血压和动态血压值控制良好以及心肺适能较低这一事实可以解释这些结果。
