Low J L, Marcotte-Chénard A, Tremblay R, Islam H, Falkenhain K, Mampuya W M, Mari A, McManus A M, Riesco E, Little J P
School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.
Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2025 Jan 1;138(1):311-317. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00777.2024. Epub 2024 Dec 18.
Improvements in glycemic control following acute exercise are typically attributed to improved postexercise insulin sensitivity (IS) with comparatively little known about how acute exercise impacts β cell function, especially in postmenopausal females. We determined how two high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, matched for total estimated energy expenditure, impact β cell function in postmenopausal females with type 2 diabetes. Thirteen postmenopausal females (70 ± 5 yr; 12 ± 7 yr since diagnosis, 80.9 ± 13.8 kg, 32.4 ± 5.6 kg·m; HbA1c-49.8 ± 10.3 mmol/mol [6.7 ± 1.0]) living with type 2 diabetes were included in this semirandomized crossover trial. The trial involved an initial resting control condition followed by two HIIT conditions [4 × 4-min HIIT (HIIT4) and 10 × 1-min HIIT (HIIT10)] completed in a randomized order 2-4 days apart. β cell function (glucose sensitivity) and insulin sensitivity were determined from a 2-h mixed-meal tolerance test performed 2 h after rest or HIIT. Both HIIT4 and HIIT10 significantly improved β cell glucose sensitivity compared with control (15 pmol/min/m/[mmol/L], [95% confidence interval (CI) 6, 23]; = 0.002 and 16 pmol/min/m/[mmol/L], [95% CI 7, 25]; = 0.002, respectively), with no difference between HIIT protocols (1 [-8, 10], = 0.79). There were no significant differences in IS metrics (Matsuda index, OGIS, Stumvoli, and QUICKI) between the conditions. An acute bout of 4 × 4-min or 10 × 1-min HIIT improves β cell glucose sensitivity in postmenopausal females living with type 2 diabetes. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04986345. This is the first study to explore the effects of acute high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on β cell function in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes. Our crossover trial compares two HIIT protocols, matched for total estimated energy expenditure, examining their impacts on β cell function and insulin sensitivity. Despite the absence of an insulin-sensitizing effect, we show robust effects of HIIT on β-cell function, including an improvement in β-cell glucose sensitivity.
急性运动后血糖控制的改善通常归因于运动后胰岛素敏感性（IS）的提高，而关于急性运动如何影响β细胞功能，尤其是绝经后女性的β细胞功能，人们了解得相对较少。我们确定了两种总估计能量消耗相匹配的高强度间歇训练（HIIT）方案，对患有2型糖尿病的绝经后女性β细胞功能的影响。本半随机交叉试验纳入了13名患有2型糖尿病的绝经后女性（70±5岁；诊断后12±7年，体重80.9±13.8千克，身体质量指数32.4±5.6千克/米²；糖化血红蛋白-49.8±10.3毫摩尔/摩尔[6.7±1.0%]）。试验包括初始的静息对照条件，随后是两种HIIT条件[4×4分钟HIIT（HIIT4）和10×1分钟HIIT（HIIT10）]，以随机顺序在相隔2-4天完成。在静息或HIIT后2小时进行的2小时混合餐耐量试验中测定β细胞功能（葡萄糖敏感性）和胰岛素敏感性。与对照相比，HIIT4和HIIT10均显著改善了β细胞葡萄糖敏感性（分别为15皮摩尔/分钟/米²/[毫摩尔/升]，[95%置信区间（CI）6，23]；P=0.002和16皮摩尔/分钟/米²/[毫摩尔/升]，[95%CI 7，25]；P=0.002），HIIT方案之间无差异（1[-8，10]，P=0.79）。各条件之间的IS指标（松田指数、OGIS、Stumvoli和QUICKI）无显著差异。一次4×4分钟或10×1分钟的HIIT可改善患有2型糖尿病的绝经后女性的β细胞葡萄糖敏感性。ClinicalTrials.gov：NCT04986345。这是第一项探索急性高强度间歇训练（HIIT）对患有2型糖尿病的绝经后女性β细胞功能影响的研究。我们的交叉试验比较了两种总估计能量消耗相匹配的HIIT方案，研究了它们对β细胞功能和胰岛素敏感性的影响。尽管没有胰岛素增敏作用，但我们显示HIIT对β细胞功能有显著影响，包括β细胞葡萄糖敏感性的改善。
