衰老过程中的星形胶质细胞。
Astrocytes in aging.
作者信息
Labarta-Bajo Lara, Allen Nicola J
机构信息
Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
出版信息
Neuron. 2025 Jan 8;113(1):109-126. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.12.010.
The mammalian nervous system is impacted by aging. Aging alters brain architecture, is associated with molecular damage, and can manifest with cognitive and motor deficits that diminish the quality of life. Astrocytes are glial cells of the CNS that regulate the development, function, and repair of neural circuits during development and adulthood; however, their functions in aging are less understood. Astrocytes change their transcriptome during aging, with astrocytes in areas such as the cerebellum, the hypothalamus, and white matter-rich regions being the most affected. While numerous studies describe astrocyte transcriptional changes in aging, many questions still remain. For example, how is astrocyte function altered by transcriptional changes that occur during aging? What are the mechanisms promoting astrocyte aged states? How do aged astrocytes impact brain function? This review discusses features of aged astrocytes and their potential triggers and proposes ways in which they may impact brain function and health span.
哺乳动物的神经系统会受到衰老的影响。衰老会改变大脑结构，与分子损伤相关联，并可能表现为认知和运动缺陷，从而降低生活质量。星形胶质细胞是中枢神经系统的神经胶质细胞，在发育和成年期调节神经回路的发育、功能和修复；然而，它们在衰老过程中的功能却鲜为人知。星形胶质细胞在衰老过程中会改变其转录组，小脑、下丘脑和富含白质区域等部位的星形胶质细胞受影响最大。虽然众多研究描述了衰老过程中星形胶质细胞的转录变化，但仍有许多问题存在。例如，衰老过程中发生的转录变化如何改变星形胶质细胞的功能？促进星形胶质细胞衰老状态的机制是什么？衰老的星形胶质细胞如何影响脑功能？本综述讨论了衰老星形胶质细胞的特征及其潜在触发因素，并提出了它们可能影响脑功能和健康寿命的方式。
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