Bannon John P, Main Eli, Hill Thomas, Aragoneses Andrés
Physics Department, Whitman College, Walla Walla, WA, 99362, USA.
West Valley High School, Spokane, WA, 99212, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):1391. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-85876-5.
In a complex dynamical system, noise, feedback, and external forces shape behavior that can range from regularity to high-dimensional chaos. Multiple feedback sources can significantly alter its dynamics, potentially even suppressing the system's output. This study investigates the impact of competing feedback sources on a stochastic complex dynamical system using a photonic neuron-a diode laser with external optical feedback. By varying the feedback intensities from two external reflectors, we explore how dual feedback influences the system's behavior. Using ordinal analysis and advanced measures of complexity, we quantify the system's dynamics and uncover underlying symmetries. Our findings reveal that the interaction between the two feedback sources induces a more intense deterministic behavior, distinct from the dynamics produced by each feedback source individually. Additionally, clear temporal symmetries emerge across all dynamical regimes. By employing a novel entropy-vector representation, we are able to identify a unique signature that characterizes the system's dynamics.
在一个复杂的动力系统中，噪声、反馈和外力塑造了行为，其范围可以从规则性到高维混沌。多个反馈源可以显著改变其动力学，甚至可能抑制系统的输出。本研究使用光子神经元——一种具有外部光反馈的二极管激光器，研究竞争反馈源对随机复杂动力系统的影响。通过改变来自两个外部反射器的反馈强度，我们探索双反馈如何影响系统的行为。使用序数分析和先进的复杂性度量，我们量化系统的动力学并揭示潜在的对称性。我们的研究结果表明，两个反馈源之间的相互作用会引发更强烈的确定性行为，这与每个反馈源单独产生的动力学不同。此外，在所有动力学区域都出现了明显的时间对称性。通过采用一种新颖的熵向量表示，我们能够识别出表征系统动力学的独特特征。
