Faderin Emmanuel, Iorkula Terungwa H, Aworinde Omowunmi Rebecca, Awoyemi Raymond Femi, Awoyemi Christopher Taiwo, Acheampong Edward, Chukwu Janefrances U, Agyemang Peter, Onaiwu Gregory E, Ifijen Ikhazuagbe Hilary
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, 1 Hairpin Drive, Edwardsville, IL, 62026-001, USA.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University Provo, Provo, UT, USA.
Med Oncol. 2025 Jan 9;42(2):42. doi: 10.1007/s12032-024-02598-w.
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) offer significant promise in cancer therapy by enhancing the therapeutic effects of platinum-based chemotherapies like cisplatin. These nanoparticles improve tumor targeting, reduce off-target effects, and help overcome drug resistance. PtNPs exert their anti-cancer effects primarily through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which induce oxidative stress and apoptosis in cancer cells. Additionally, PtNPs interact with cellular signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and MAPK, sensitizing cancer cells to chemotherapy. Advances in PtNP synthesis focus on optimizing size, shape, and surface modifications to enhance biocompatibility and targeting. Functionalization with biomolecules allows selective tumor delivery, while smart release systems enable controlled drug release. In vivo studies have shown that PtNPs significantly inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating their safety and efficacy. This review explores PtNPs' mechanisms of action, nanotechnology advancements, and challenges in biocompatibility, with a focus on their potential integration into cancer treatments.
铂纳米颗粒（PtNPs）通过增强顺铂等铂类化疗药物的治疗效果，在癌症治疗中展现出巨大的前景。这些纳米颗粒改善了肿瘤靶向性，减少了脱靶效应，并有助于克服耐药性。PtNPs主要通过产生活性氧（ROS）发挥其抗癌作用，ROS可诱导癌细胞中的氧化应激和细胞凋亡。此外，PtNPs与PI3K/AKT和MAPK等细胞信号通路相互作用，使癌细胞对化疗敏感。PtNP合成的进展集中在优化尺寸、形状和表面修饰，以提高生物相容性和靶向性。用生物分子进行功能化可实现肿瘤的选择性递送，而智能释放系统则能实现药物的控释。体内研究表明，PtNPs能显著抑制肿瘤生长和转移。正在进行的临床试验正在评估它们的安全性和有效性。这篇综述探讨了PtNPs的作用机制、纳米技术进展以及生物相容性方面的挑战，重点关注它们在癌症治疗中的潜在整合。
