Koltun Kristen J, Bird Matthew B, Forse Jennifer N, Lovalekar Mita, Mi Qi, Martin Brian J, Nindl Bradley C
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory/Warrior Human Performance Research Center, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, 3860 S. Water St, Pittsburgh, PA, 15203, USA.
Calcif Tissue Int. 2025 Jan 9;116(1):27. doi: 10.1007/s00223-024-01339-5.
Military training improves tibial density, structure, and estimated strength; however, men and women may adapt differently. Most work performed in military populations has assessed changes in bone health during initial entry programs, a timeframe at the beginning of a service member's career when bones may be more adaptable to a novel mechanical stimulus. The purpose of this investigation was to examine changes in tibial volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), structure, and estimated strength, and biomarkers of bone metabolism (P1NP, osteocalcin, TRAP5b, sclerostin) between male and female candidates measured at the start and end of United States Marine Corps Officer Candidates School (OCS), a 10-week military training program attended by older service members (~ 25 y/o) who may have previous military experience. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) of the tibia (n = 375) and blood draws (n = 385) were performed. Generalized linear mixed effects modeling compared changes between sexes over time. Increases in total and trabecular vBMD were observed at the 4% site in the total sample, but total and cortical vBMD decreased in female candidates at the 66% site. Periosteal circumference at the 38% and 66% sites increased in the total sample. Estimated strength increased similarly in male and female candidates at the 4% and 38% sites but only increased in male candidates at the 66% site. Concentrations of P1NP and osteocalcin increased similarly in both sexes, although sclerostin and TRAP5b decreased only in male candidates. Measures of tibial vBMD, width, and estimated strength increased following OCS consistent with adaptive bone formation.
军事训练可改善胫骨密度、结构和估计强度；然而，男性和女性的适应方式可能有所不同。大多数针对军人的研究评估了新兵入伍初期骨骼健康的变化，这是军人职业生涯开始时的一个时间段，此时骨骼可能更能适应新的机械刺激。本研究的目的是检查在美国海军陆战队军官候选学校（OCS）开始和结束时测量的男女候选人之间胫骨体积骨密度（vBMD）、结构、估计强度以及骨代谢生物标志物（P1NP、骨钙素、TRAP5b、硬化蛋白）的变化。OCS是一个为期10周的军事训练项目，参加者为年龄较大（约25岁）且可能有过军事经验的军人。对胫骨进行了外周定量计算机断层扫描（pQCT，n = 375）并采集了血液样本（n = 385）。广义线性混合效应模型比较了不同性别随时间的变化。在整个样本中，4%部位的总vBMD和小梁vBMD有所增加，但在66%部位，女性候选人的总vBMD和皮质vBMD下降。整个样本中，38%和66%部位的骨膜周长增加。在4%和38%部位，男性和女性候选人的估计强度增加情况相似，但在66%部位仅男性候选人的估计强度增加。P1NP和骨钙素的浓度在男女两性中增加情况相似，尽管硬化蛋白和TRAP5b仅在男性候选人中下降。OCS后胫骨vBMD、宽度和估计强度的测量值增加，这与适应性骨形成一致。
